Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33237460›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2021

Primary resistance to antiretroviral drugs of HIV strains in Chad: a retrospective investigation by analysis of frozen dried blood spot samples.

A Keita, N Djimera, O Djarma, Y N'Guyen, T Bourlet, L Andreoletti

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Article in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

A KeitaInstitut National de Recherche en Santé Publique, Bamako, Mali.
N DjimeraService de Maladies infectieuses, Hôpital Le Bon Samaritain, CHU Walia, N'Djamena, Chad.
O DjarmaService de Maladies infectieuses, Hôpital Le Bon Samaritain, CHU Walia, N'Djamena, Chad.
Y N'GuyenService de Médecine interne, Maladies infectieuses et Immunologie Clinique, Hôpital Robert Debré, CHU Reims, Reims, France.
T BourletEA 3064, Faculté de Médecine, Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France.
L AndreolettiService de Maladies infectieuses, Hôpital Le Bon Samaritain, CHU Walia, N'Djamena, Chad. landreoletti@chu-reims.fr.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

No data concerning antiretroviral drug's (ARV) primary resistance mutation rates in Chad are available. We retrospectively analysed frozen-stored dried blood spot samples that were collected from 48 Chadian human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 seropositive patients naïve of ARV. HIV-1 protease and reverse transcriptase genes were successfully sequenced for 24 (60.0%) of the 40 patients displaying a viral load > 1000 copies/ml. Seven (29.2%) displayed mutations conferring resistance against one or more classes of ARV. We evidenced high levels of primary ARV resistance mutations in Chad, but lower than those observed in patients with failure to first-line ARV.

Indexed as

Drug Resistance, ViralAdolescentAdultAnti-HIV AgentsChadFemaleHIV-1HIV InfectionsHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesViral LoadYoung AdultAnti-HIV AgentsChadHIVNon-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitorPrimary resistance

Identifiers

PMID33237460

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.