Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33236963›Full record

ArticleHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics2021

Need for hepatitis A prevention in patients with chronic liver disease in the changing epidemiological setting of India.

Bhaskar Raju, Anar Andani, Shafi Kolhapure, Ashish Agrawal

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
0.3field-weighted citation impact, top 43% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Hepatitis A virus endemicity and vaccine policy, India.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Hepatitis A: A wake-up call!Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2025
    Article
  4. Severe acute hepatitis due to hepatitis A virus in adults: Further evidence and a clarion call.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Vaccination in Chronic Liver Disease: An Update.Journal of clinical and experimental hepatology
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Bhaskar RajuDr Mehta's Children's Hospital, Chennai, India.
Anar AndaniGlobal Medical Affairs, GSK, Wavre, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0003-0530-5340
Shafi KolhapureMedical Affairs Department, GSK, Mumbai, India.ORCID 0000-0002-3183-1259
Ashish AgrawalMedical Affairs Department, GSK, Hyderabad, India.ORCID 0000-0002-6417-3184
GlaxoSmithKline (India) · INDr. Mehta's Children's Hospital · INGlaxoSmithKline (Belgium) · BE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The burden of chronic liver disease (CLD) in India is high, particularly among middle-aged men, with nearly 220,000 deaths due to cirrhosis in 2017. CLD increases the risk of infection, severe disease (e.g. hepatitis A virus or HAV superinfection, acute-on-chronic liver failure, fulminant hepatic failure), and mortality. Hence, various countries recommend HAV vaccination for CLD patients. While historic Indian studies showed high seroprevalences of protective HAV antibodies among Indian adults with CLD, the most recent ones found that nearly 7% of CLD patients were susceptible to HAV infection. Studies in healthy individuals have shown that HAV infection in childhood is decreasing in India, resulting in an increasing population of adults susceptible to HAV infection. As patients with CLD are at increased risk of severe HAV infection, now may be the time to recommend HAV vaccination among people with CLD in India.

Indexed as

Hepatitis AHepatitis A virusLiver DiseasesAdultHepatitis A AntibodiesHepatitis A VaccinesHumansIndiaMaleMiddle AgedHepatitis A AntibodiesHepatitis A Vaccineschronic liver diseasecirrhosisendemicityHepatitis AIndiavaccination

Identifiers

PMID33236963
PMCPMC8078677
OpenAlexW3107535165

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.