ArticleThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene2021
The Rise and Fall of Hydroxychloroquine for the Treatment and Prevention of COVID-19.
Article in The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04727424 (A Multicenter, Prospective, Adaptive, Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Study to Evaluate the Effect of Fluvoxamine Plus Budesonide, Fluoxetine Plus Budesonide and Spirulin Platensis, in High Risk Patients With Mild COVID-19), which is not on this map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Multicenter, Prospective, Adaptive, Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Study to Evaluate the Effect of Fluvoxamine Plus Budesonide, Fluoxetine Plus Budesonide and Spirulin Platensis, in High Risk Patients With Mild COVID-19
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Early Treatment With Hydroxychloroquine or Lopinavir and Ritonavir on Risk of Hospitalization Among Patients With COVID-19: The TOGETHER Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2021Trial
- COVID-19 and a Tale of Three Drugs: To Repurpose, or Not to Repurpose-That Was the Question.Viruses · 2025Review
- Prevalence and factors associated with research misconduct among faculty in selected public universities in Eastern Uganda: a cross-sectional study.Discover education · 2025Article
- A Case of Pharmaceutical Messianism Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Infodemiological Study of Ivermectin in the Philippines.Policy, politics & nursing practice · 2023Article
- Article
- A comprehensive review on pharmacologic agents, immunotherapies and supportive therapeutics for COVID-19.Narra J · 2022Review
- COVID-19 Therapeutics: Improvise-Adapt-Learn.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Effect of chronic hydroxychloroquine use on COVID-19 risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus: a multicenter retrospective cohort.The Journal of international medical research · 2022Article
- Resilient Clinical Trial Infrastructure in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons Learned from the TOGETHER Randomized Platform Clinical Trial.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2022Article
- Solving the Evidence Interpretability Crisis in Health Technology Assessment: A Role for Mechanistic Models?Frontiers in medical technology · 2022Article
- Identification and Development of Therapeutics for COVID-19.mSystems · 2021Article
- Article
- Hydroxychloroquine: A review of its safety and efficacy in COVID-19.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2021Review
- Article
- COVID-19 pandemic: Can zinc supplementation provide an additional shield against the infection?Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2021Review
- Challenges and Opportunities from Targeting Inflammatory Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 has received great attention, and most notably, the enthusiasm for HCQ has been one of politicization rather than science. Laboratory studies and case series published early in the pandemic supported its efficacy. The scientific community raced to conduct observational and randomized evaluations of the drug in all stages of the disease, including prophylaxis, early treatment, and advanced disease. Yet a divisive media response affected recruitment, funding, and subsequent enthusiasm for continuing scientific investigations. Of the more than 300 HCQ trials registered, fewer than 50% report having recruited any patients, and most trials might fail to achieve any useful portions of their intended sample size. Multiple observational studies and two large randomized trials have demonstrated HCQ does not offer efficacy against COVID-19 in hospitalized patients. Prophylaxis studies and early treatment studies provided heterogeneous results and are plagued by low event rates and poor study outcome monitoring. Emerging high-quality evaluations of prophylaxis and early treatment do not support a role for HCQ in these populations. The story of HCQ for COVID-19 has followed a pattern of initial enthusiasm supported by poor quality evidence, followed by disappointment based on more rigorous evaluations. The experience of HCQ in the COVID-19 era calls for the depoliticization of science away from media glare.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.