SynthesisCanadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie2021
Techniques for blood loss estimation in major non-cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adjunctive topical hemostatic agents combined with renorrhaphy versus renorrhaphy alone during partial nephrectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.World journal of urology · 2026Pooled it
- Accurate estimation of blood loss during cesarean deliveries: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial comparing visual, quantitative and calculated approaches.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2025Trial
- Intraoperative phlebotomies and bleeding in liver transplantation: a historical cohort study and causal analysis.Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie · 2022Trial
- Intraoperative hypotension and short-term outcomes after primary total hip arthroplasty : a retrospective cohort study.Bone & joint open · 2026Article
- Hidden blood loss estimation using perioperative hemoglobin drop: agreement with the Sehat formula.BMC surgery · 2026Article
- Article
- Spine surgery and major blood loss: how accurate is suction canister estimation?European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- The Australian and New Zealand Massive Transfusion Registry: An innovation focusing on data collection, standardisation and interoperability between healthcare systems.Health information management : journal of the Health Information Management Association of Australia · 2026Article
- Remote ischemic preconditioning improves ileal microvascular oxygenation during rodent hemorrhagic shock without improving variables of microcirculation and mitochondrial respiration.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- [Visual estimation of blood losses : Known high error rate-How can it be improved?]Die Anaesthesiologie · 2025Article
- Comparison of differences in intraoperative blood loss between left-sided and right-sided robot-assisted partial nephrectomy.Journal of robotic surgery · 2025Article
- Calculation methods for intraoperative blood loss: a literature review.BMC surgery · 2024Review
- Blood loss measurement in liver transplantation: validation of an estimating equation.Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie · 2024Article
- The Impact of Prior Obesity Surgery on Bleeding after Abdominal Body Contouring Surgery.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2024Article
- Role of prophylactic tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss during cesarean section: A double-blind placebo-controlled randomized controlled trial.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2024Article
- Automated deep learning model for estimating intraoperative blood loss using gauze images.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Estimating surgical blood loss: A review of current strategies in various clinical settings.SAGE open medicine · 2024Review
- Predictive factors for respiratory failure and in-hospital mortality after surgery for spinal metastasis.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2023Article
- A Study of 57 Patients with Prostate Cancer to Compare Outcomes of Estimated Blood Loss and Postoperative Pain Between Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy and Standard Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeEstimated blood loss (EBL) is an important tool in clinical decision-making and surgical outcomes research. It guides perioperative transfusion practice and serves as a key predictor of short-term perioperative risks and long-term oncologic outcomes. Despite its widespread clinical and research use, there is no gold standard for blood loss estimation. We sought to systematically review and compare techniques for intraoperative blood loss estimation in major non-cardiac surgery with the objective of informing clinical estimation and research standards. SOURCE: A structured search strategy was applied to Ovid Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to March 2020, to identify studies comparing methods of intraoperative blood loss in adult patients undergoing major non-cardiac surgery. We summarized agreement between groups of pairwise comparisons as visual estimation vs formula estimation, visual estimation vs other, and formula estimation vs other. For each of these comparisons, we described tendencies for higher or lower EBL values, consistency of findings, pooled mean differences, standard deviations, and confidence intervals. PRINCIPLE
findingsWe included 26 studies involving 3,297 patients in this review. We found that visual estimation is the most frequently studied technique. In addition, visual techniques tended to provide lower EBL values than formula-based estimation or other techniques, though this effect was not statistically significant in pooled analyses likely due to sample size limitations. When accounting for the contextual mean blood loss, similar case-to-case variation exists for all estimation techniques.
conclusionsWe found that significant case-by-case variation exists for all methods of blood loss evaluation and that there is significant disagreement between techniques. Given the importance placed on EBL, particularly for perioperative prognostication models, clinicians should consider the universal adoption of a practical and reproducible method for blood loss evaluation.
trial registrationPROSPERO (CRD42015029439); registered: 18 November 2015.PROSPERO (CRD42015029439); registered: 18 November 2015.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.