ReviewPain reports
Risk-stratified and stepped models of care for back pain and osteoarthritis: are we heading towards a common model?
Review in Pain reports. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prevention of sickness absence through early identification and rehabilitation of at-risk patients with musculoskeletal disorders (PREVSAM): 12-month follow-up of a randomised controlled trial.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Continued stepped care model improves early-stage self-report quality of life and knee function after total knee arthroplasty.Technology and health care : official journal of the European Society for Engineering and Medicine · 2024Trial
- Effect of Risk-Stratified Care on Disability Among Adults With Low Back Pain Treated in the Military Health System: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2023Trial
- Five-year follow-up of patients with knee osteoarthritis not eligible for total knee replacement: results from a randomised trial.BMJ open · 2022Trial
- Multidisciplinary integrative care versus chiropractic care for low back pain: a randomized clinical trial.Chiropractic & manual therapies · 2022Trial
- Phase 3 Trials of Enhanced Versus Usual Care Physical Therapy for Patients at Risk of Poor Outcome Following Knee Arthroplasty: A Perspective on Meaning and a Way Forward.Physical therapy · 2021Trial
- PRIME - A multilevel intervention for low back pain management in primary care: Protocol for an effectiveness-implementation hybrid type 1 cluster randomized controlled trial.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2026Article
- Whole health and chiropractic: a commentary on historical roots, contemporary relevance, and future directions.Chiropractic & manual therapies · 2026Article
- Global research priorities for back pain, neck pain and osteoarthritis: a scoping review.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Deduction of Back Pain Patients Using EMG Technology and Inertial Sensors During Functional Tests.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- The World Health Organization guideline for non-surgical management of chronic primary low back pain in adults: implications for equitable care and strengthening health systems globally.Global health research and policy · 2025Article
- Optimizing osteoarthritis care through clinical and community partnership: Results of an exploratory trial.Osteoarthritis and cartilage open · 2025Article
- Using a Two-Steps Clustering and PCA Analysis for Stratified Chronic Non-Cancer Pain Care: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of pain research · 2025Article
- Patient characteristics and healthcare use for high-cost patients with musculoskeletal disorders in Norway: a cohort study.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Same patient but different worlds: A state-of-the-art review translating best practice psychosocial care from musculoskeletal care to the orthopaedic context.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2024Review
- Multidisciplinary, multicomponent interventions to reduce frailty among older persons in residents of residential care facilities: a scoping review.Systematic reviews · 2024Article
- The burden of knee osteoarthritis worldwide, regionally, and nationally from 1990 to 2019, along with an analysis of cross-national inequalities.Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2024Article
- Low back pain management in primary healthcare: findings from a scoping review on models of care.BMJ open · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The overall quality of care for musculoskeletal pain conditions is suboptimal, partly due to a considerable evidence-practice gap. In osteoarthritis and low back pain, structured models of care exist to help overcome that challenge. In osteoarthritis, focus is on stepped care models, where treatment decisions are guided by response to treatment, and increasingly comprehensive interventions are only offered to people with inadequate response to more simple care. In low back pain, the most widely known approach is based on risk stratification, where patients with higher predicted risk of poor outcome are offered more comprehensive care. For both conditions, the recommended interventions and models of care share many commonalities and there is no evidence that one model of care is more effective than the other. Limitations of existing models of care include a lack of integrated information on social factors, comorbid conditions, and previous treatment experience, and they do not support an interplay between health care, self-management, and community-based activities. Moving forwards, a common model across musculoskeletal conditions seems realistic, which points to an opportunity for reducing the complexity of implementation. We foresee this development will use big data sources and machine-learning methods to combine stepped and risk-stratified care and to integrate self-management support and patient-centred care to a greater extent in future models of care.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.