ReviewEvolution, medicine, and public health2020
Old friends meet a new foe: A potential role for immune-priming parasites in mitigating COVID-19 morbidity and mortality.
Review in Evolution, medicine, and public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pathogens as commensals: microbial priming of the immune system and heterologous protection.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2026Review
- Embodiment of structural racism and multiple sclerosis risk and outcomes in the USA.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2025Review
- Soil-Transmitted Helminths and the Intricacies of Immunoregulation: Evidence From Amazonian Ecuador for the Importance of Considering Species-Specific Effects Within the Old Friends Hypothesis.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2025Article
- Review
- The Impact of Pulmonary Hydatid Cyst Rupture on COVID-19 Symptom Severity.Acta parasitologica · 2024Article
- Seroprevalence and risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection in middle-sized cities of Burkina Faso: A descriptive cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2024Article
- The impact of helminth-induced immunity on infection with bacteria or viruses.Veterinary research · 2023Review
- COVID-19 morbidity in lower versus higher income populations underscores the need to restore lost biodiversity of eukaryotic symbionts.iScience · 2023Review
- Frequency, subtypes distribution, and risk factors ofNew microbes and new infections · 2023Article
- Infection with soil-transmitted helminths and their impact on coinfections.Frontiers in parasitology · 2023Review
- The Potential Nexus between Helminths and SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Literature Review.Journal of immunology research · 2023Review
- The Frequency of Intestinal Parasitic Infections in COVID-19 Patients: A Case-Control Study in Tehran, Capital of Iran.Journal of tropical medicine · 2023Article
- Overlapping of Pulmonary Fibrosis of Postacute COVID-19 Syndrome and Tuberculosis in the Helminth Coinfection Setting in Sub-Saharan Africa.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Article
- The Fight Against Severe COVID-19: Can Parasitic Worms Contribute?Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 and helminth co-infections, and environmental pollution exposure: An epidemiological and immunological perspective.Environment international · 2021Review
- Assessment of Excess Mortality and Household Income in Rural Bangladesh During the COVID-19 Pandemic in 2020.JAMA network open · 2021Article
- Epidemiological Analysis of COVID-19 Cases in Native Amazonian Communities from Peru.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Effect of co-infection with intestinal parasites on COVID-19 severity: A prospective observational cohort study.EClinicalMedicine · 2021Article
- Helminth infection is associated with dampened cytokine responses to viral and bacterial stimulations in Tsimane forager-horticulturalists.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2021Article
- On the Verge of a Catastrophic Collapse? The Need for a Multi-Ecosystem Approach to Microbiome Studies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The novel virus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and the associated Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) represent a pathogen to which human beings have limited to no evolved immune response. The most severe symptoms are associated with overactive inflammatory immune responses, leading to a cytokine storm, tissue damage, and death, if not balanced and controlled. Hypotheses within Evolutionary Medicine, including the Hygiene/Old Friends Hypothesis, provide an important lens through which to understand and possibly control this overactive immune response. In this article, we explore the role that infection with soil-transmitted helminths (STHs; i.e. intestinal parasitic worms) may play in dampening SARS-CoV-2 symptoms and mitigating the worst COVID-19 outcomes. Specifically, STHs stimulate the immunosuppressive and regulatory T-helper 2 (T
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.