Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33235534›Full record

ArticleNature and science of sleep2020

Sleep/Wakefulness Detection Using Tracheal Sounds and Movements.

Nasim Montazeri Ghahjaverestan, Sina Akbarian, Maziar Hafezi, Shumit Saha, Kaiyin Zhu, Bojan Gavrilovic, Babak Taati, Azadeh Yadollahi

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature and science of sleep, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 29% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Nasim Montazeri GhahjaverestanKite - Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-0960-9632
Sina AkbarianKite - Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Maziar HafeziKite - Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Shumit SahaKite - Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Kaiyin ZhuKite - Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Bojan GavrilovicKite - Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Babak Taati *Kite - Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-9763-4293
Azadeh Yadollahi *Kite - Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-3216-8997
University Health Network · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe current gold standard to detect sleep/wakefulness is based on electroencephalogram, which is inconvenient if included in portable sleep screening devices. Therefore, a challenge in the portable devices is sleeping time estimation. Without sleeping time, sleep parameters such as apnea/hypopnea index (AHI), an index for quantifying sleep apnea severity, can be underestimated. Recent studies have used tracheal sounds and movements for sleep screening and calculating AHI without considering sleeping time. In this study, we investigated the detection of sleep/wakefulness states and estimation of sleep parameters using tracheal sounds and movements. MATERIALS AND

methodsParticipants with suspected sleep apnea who were referred for sleep screening were included in this study. Simultaneously with polysomnography, tracheal sounds and movements were recorded with a small wearable device, called the Patch, attached over the trachea. Each 30-second epoch of tracheal data was scored as sleep or wakefulness using an automatic classification algorithm. The performance of the algorithm was compared to the sleep/wakefulness scored blindly based on the polysomnography.

resultsEighty-eight subjects were included in this study. The accuracy of sleep/wakefulness detection was 82.3±8.66% with a sensitivity of 87.8±10.8 % (sleep), specificity of 71.4±18.5% (awake), F1 of 88.1±9.3% and Cohen's kappa of 0.54. The correlations between the estimated and polysomnography-based measures for total sleep time and sleep efficiency were 0.78 (

conclusionSleep/wakefulness periods can be detected using tracheal sound and movements. The results of this study combined with our previous studies on screening sleep apnea with tracheal sounds provide strong evidence that respiratory sounds analysis can be used to develop robust, convenient and cost-effective portable devices for sleep apnea monitoring.

Indexed as

apnea/hypopnea indexclassificationimbalanced dataprincipal component analysissleep apnea

Identifiers

PMID33235534
PMCPMC7680175
OpenAlexW3098408806

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.