ArticleScientific reports2020
Addressing the challenges of E-cigarette safety profiling by assessment of pulmonary toxicological response in bronchial and alveolar mucosa models.
Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pulmonary effects of e-liquid flavors: a systematic review.Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part B, Critical reviews · 2022Pooled it
- The triple-hit hypothesis: exploring pulmonary e-cigarette, PMEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Review
- Vaping-related lung disease: a narrative review.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Review
- FN-silk membrane enables alveologenesis processes and self-organization of the H441 epithelial cell line into native-like alveolar morphology.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Toxicity, Chemistry, and Public Health Relevance of Emerging Nicotine Analog Vapes, Pods, and Pouches.Chemical research in toxicology · 2026Review
- Tobacco smoke but not e-cigarette vapor induces epithelial barrier disruption, inflammation, and DNA damage in human Calu-3 cells.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Investigating the exhaled lipid biomarkers among e-cigarette users compared to non-smokers.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Article
- The respiratory epithelium in the era of vaping: insights fromEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025Review
- Local and systemic effects in e-cigarette users compared to cigarette smokers, dual users, and non-smokers.Respiratory research · 2025Article
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- Elemental composition of vaping and smoking aerosols: Influence of liquid type and tank conditions.PloS one · 2025Article
- Contrasting effects of intracellular and extracellular human PCSK9 on inflammation, lipid alteration and cell death.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Assessment of wood smoke induced pulmonary toxicity in normal- and chronic bronchitis-like bronchial and alveolar lung mucosa models at air-liquid interface.Respiratory research · 2024Article
- Cell line-basedFrontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Lipid from electronic cigarette-aerosol both with and without nicotine induced pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization and disrupted phagocytosis.Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2023Article
- Electronic cigarette exposure disrupts airway epithelial barrier function and exacerbates viral infection.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2023Article
- Insight into the pulmonary molecular toxicity of heated tobacco products using human bronchial and alveolar mucosa models at air-liquid interface.Scientific reports · 2022Article
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Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Limited toxicity data on electronic cigarette (ECIG) impede evidence-based policy recommendations. We compared two popular mixed fruit flavored ECIG-liquids with and without nicotine aerosolized at 40 W (E-smoke) with respect to particle number concentrations, chemical composition, and response on physiologically relevant human bronchial and alveolar lung mucosa models cultured at air-liquid interface. E-smoke was characterized by significantly increased particle number concentrations with increased wattage (25, 40, and 55 W) and nicotine presence. The chemical composition of E-smoke differed across the two tested flavors in terms of cytotoxic compounds including p-benzoquinone, nicotyrine, and flavoring agents (for example vanillin, ethyl vanillin). Significant differences in the expression of markers for pro-inflammation, oxidative stress, tissue injury/repair, alarm anti-protease, anti-microbial defense, epithelial barrier function, and epigenetic modification were observed between the flavors, nicotine content, and/ or lung models (bronchial or alveolar). Our findings indicate that ECIG toxicity is influenced by combination of multiple factors including flavor, nicotine content, vaping regime, and the region of respiratory tree (bronchial or alveolar). Toxic chemicals and flavoring agents detected in high concentrations in the E-smoke of each flavor warrant independent evaluation for their specific role in imparting toxicity. Therefore, multi-disciplinary approaches are warranted for comprehensive safety profiling of ECIG.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.