Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33235234›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2020

Elucidating nanoscale mechanical properties of diabetic human adipose tissue using atomic force microscopy.

J K Wenderott, Carmen G Flesher, Nicki A Baker, Christopher K Neeley, Oliver A Varban, Carey N Lumeng, Lutfiyya N Muhammad, Chen Yeh, Peter F Green, Robert W O'Rourke

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Microengineered Gradient Hydrogels for Mechanobiology.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
  4. A Hydrogel Culture System Regulates Human Adipocyte Function.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Rho/ROCK mechanosensor in adipocyte stiffness and traction force generation.Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 2022
    Article
  14. Tissue-mimetic culture enhances mesenchymal stem cell secretome capacity to improve regenerative activity of keratinocytes and fibroblasts in vitro.Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

J K WenderottDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
Carmen G FlesherDepartment of Surgery, Section of General Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 2210 Taubman Center-5343, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5343, USA.
Nicki A BakerDepartment of Surgery, Section of General Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 2210 Taubman Center-5343, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5343, USA.
Christopher K NeeleyDepartment of Surgery, Section of General Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 2210 Taubman Center-5343, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5343, USA.
Oliver A VarbanDepartment of Surgery, Section of General Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 2210 Taubman Center-5343, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5343, USA.
Carey N LumengGraduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
Lutfiyya N MuhammadDivision of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA.
Chen YehDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA.
Peter F GreenDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. Peter.Green@nrel.gov.
Robert W O'RourkeDepartment of Surgery, Section of General Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 2210 Taubman Center-5343, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5343, USA. rorourke@umich.edu.
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor · USNorthwestern University · USA. Alfred Taubman Health Care Center · US

Funding

Regional Pilot And Feasibility Study Grants ProgramP30DK020572 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Mehboob A Hussain · 2013 to 2026
$24.3M
Pilot and Feasibility (P and F) ProgramP30DK089503 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Kanakadurga Singer · 2010 to 2026
$20.3M
Regulation of Adipose Tissue Inflammation By Antigen Presenting CellsR01DK090262 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI LUMENG, CAREY N · 2011 to 2024
$5.3M
Adipose Tissue Macrophage Control of Metabolic Dysfunction in DiabetesR01DK115190 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI LUMENG, CAREY N, O'ROURKE, ROBERT W · 2017 to 2020
$2.3M
CSRD VA I01 CX001811NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK020572NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK089503NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK090262NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK115190
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Obesity-related type 2 diabetes (DM) is a major public health concern. Adipose tissue metabolic dysfunction, including fibrosis, plays a central role in DM pathogenesis. Obesity is associated with changes in adipose tissue extracellular matrix (ECM), but the impact of these changes on adipose tissue mechanics and their role in metabolic disease is poorly defined. This study utilized atomic force microscopy (AFM) to quantify difference in elasticity between human DM and non-diabetic (NDM) visceral adipose tissue. The mean elastic modulus of DM adipose tissue was twice that of NDM adipose tissue (11.50 kPa vs. 4.48 kPa) to a 95% confidence level, with significant variability in elasticity of DM compared to NDM adipose tissue. Histologic and chemical measures of fibrosis revealed increased hydroxyproline content in DM adipose tissue, but no difference in Sirius Red staining between DM and NDM tissues. These findings support the hypothesis that fibrosis, evidenced by increased elastic modulus, is enhanced in DM adipose tissue, and suggest that measures of tissue mechanics may better resolve disease-specific differences in adipose tissue fibrosis compared with histologic measures. These data demonstrate the power of AFM nanoindentation to probe tissue mechanics, and delineate the impact of metabolic disease on the mechanical properties of adipose tissue.

Indexed as

AdultBiomechanical PhenomenaDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Elastic ModulusExtracellular MatrixFemaleHumansHydroxyprolineIntra-Abdominal FatMicroscopy, Atomic ForceMiddle AgedObesityHydroxyproline

Identifiers

PMID33235234
PMCPMC7686328
OpenAlexW3108080072

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.