ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2020
Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy in Preclinical GL261 Glioblastoma: Influence of Therapeutic Parameters and Non-Invasive Response Biomarker Assessment with MRSI-Based Approaches.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of immunotherapy in high-grade glioma: learning from the past to shape future perspectives.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Pooled it
- Bridging tumor biology and radiomics through an ultra-large physics-driven vascular model.npj biomedical innovations · 2026Article
- The Potential of Chronotherapy and Nanotherapy-Based Strategies for Glioblastoma Treatment.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- LAPTM proteins in neurological disorders - Autophagy-lysosome dysfunction and therapeutic targets: A review.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2026Review
- Translational Models for Glioblastoma: Revolutionizing Drug Development and Personalized Medicine through Clinical Insights.Theranostics · 2026Review
- Dual-action nanotherapy: Temozolomide-loaded, anti-PD-L1 scFv-functionalized lipid nanocarriers for targeted glioblastoma therapy.European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences · 2025Article
- Single-dose radiotherapy is more effective than fractionation when combined with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in glioblastoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Ferroptosis in the U87MG Human Glioblastoma Cell Line Induces Damage Associated Molecular Phenotypes.microPublication biology · 2025Article
- Functional profiling of murine glioma models highlights targetable immune evasion phenotypes.Acta neuropathologica · 2024Article
- Targeting Retinaldehyde Dehydrogenases to Enhance Temozolomide Therapy in Glioblastoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Pediatric Solid Cancers: Dissecting the Tumor Microenvironment to Improve the Results of Clinical Immunotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Correlation of MR-Based Metabolomics and Molecular Profiling in the Tumor Microenvironment of Temozolomide-Treated Orthotopic GL261 Glioblastoma in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Melatonin in Combination with Albendazole or Albendazole Sulfoxide Produces a Synergistic Cytotoxicity against Malignant Glioma Cells through Autophagy and Apoptosis.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Intranasal Administration of Catechol-Based Pt(IV) Coordination Polymer Nanoparticles for Glioblastoma Therapy.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Establishing Imaging Biomarkers of Host Immune System Efficacy during Glioblastoma Therapy Response: Challenges, Obstacles and Future Perspectives.Metabolites · 2022Article
- Article
- Immune Checkpoints in Pediatric Solid Tumors: Targetable Pathways for Advanced Therapeutic Purposes.Cells · 2021Review
- Successful Partnerships: Exploring the Potential of Immunogenic Signals Triggered by TMZ, CX-4945, and Combined Treatment in GL261 Glioblastoma Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Crosstalk Between Tumor-Associated Microglia/Macrophages and CD8-Positive T Cells Plays a Key Role in Glioblastoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBs) are malignant brain tumours with poor prognosis even after aggressive therapy. Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint blockade is a promising strategy in many types of cancer, but its therapeutic effects in GB remain low and associated with immune infiltration. Previous work suggests that oscillations of magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI)-based response pattern with chemotherapy could act as a biomarker of efficient immune system attack onto GBs. The presence of such oscillations with other monotherapies such as anti-PD-1 would reinforce its monitoring potential. Here, we confirm that the oscillatory behaviour of the response biomarker is also detected in mice treated with anti PD-1 immunotherapy both in combination with temozolomide and as monotherapy. This indicates that the spectral pattern changes observed during therapy response are shared by different therapeutic strategies, provided the host immune system is elicited and able to productively attack tumour cells. Moreover, the participation of the immune system in response is also supported by the rate of cured animals observed with different therapeutic strategies (in the range of 50-100% depending on the treatment), which also held long-term immune memory against tumour cells re-challenge. Taken together, our findings open the way for a translational use of the MRSI-based biomarker in patient-tailored GB therapy, including immunotherapy, for which reliable non-invasive biomarkers are still missing.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.