ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2020
Effects of Ketone Bodies on Brain Metabolism and Function in Neurodegenerative Diseases.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 236 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
236 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 409 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of a high-fat, low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet on seizure frequency in children with drug-resistant epilepsy: a systematic review and Meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Ketogenic interventions in mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and critical appraisal.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Pooled it
- The effect of simultaneous application of plant-rich ketogenic diet and intermittent fasting on early-to-mid-stage Alzheimer's disease: a randomised controlled trial.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2026Trial
- Cerebral fuels within the first week of life in very preterm infants: a cohort study.Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition · 2026Trial
- Effects of Ketone Ester Supplementation on Cognition and Appetite in Individuals with and Without Metabolic syndrome: A Randomized Trial.Journal of dietary supplements · 2025Trial
- β-Hydroxybutyrate Maintains Energetically Demanding Neural Functions During Exogenous Glucose Deprivation.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- A2 astrocyte polarization mediates ketogenic diet protection of blood-central nervous system barriers in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Neuronal ketone body utilization couples exercise and time-restricted feeding to cognitive enhancement.Molecular metabolism · 2026Article
- Integrating biological aging into clinical practice: a review and path forward for precision longevity medicine.GeroScience · 2026Review
- Liver Organoids: From Disease Modelling to Regenerative Medicine.Cell proliferation · 2026Review
- A Shared Systemic Metabolic Signature Across the Neurological Disease Spectrum: A Summary-Level Analysis of 274,241 UK Biobank Participants.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- AAV-mediated FGF21 gene therapy promotes health span extension by whole-body tissue-specific adaptations.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Article
- Association of SGLT2 inhibitors with suicidality, all-cause mortality, and hospitalization in bipolar disorder: A cohort study of 1.23 million adults.Journal of affective disorders · 2026Article
- Monocarboxylate transporter 2 regulates maintenance of myelin and axonal integrity by oligodendrocytes.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Absolute Quantification of Brain Deuterium Metabolic Imaging in Healthy Volunteers and Glioblastoma Patients at 7T.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2026Article
- Variants in glycine decarboxylase activate catabolic mechanisms of mitochondrial energy metabolism in the brain.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- An imaging biomarker to detect non-glucogenic shift in brain energy metabolism in Alzheimer's disease.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- cGAS-STING Signaling as a Molecular Bridge Between Inflammation, Ovarian Ageing, and Reproductive Failure.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- Beyond Glucose: A Brain Energy Bottleneck Hypothesis for Multi-Energy Substrates in Hypoglycaemia Rescue.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
176 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Under normal physiological conditions the brain primarily utilizes glucose for ATP generation. However, in situations where glucose is sparse, e.g., during prolonged fasting, ketone bodies become an important energy source for the brain. The brain's utilization of ketones seems to depend mainly on the concentration in the blood, thus many dietary approaches such as ketogenic diets, ingestion of ketogenic medium-chain fatty acids or exogenous ketones, facilitate significant changes in the brain's metabolism. Therefore, these approaches may ameliorate the energy crisis in neurodegenerative diseases, which are characterized by a deterioration of the brain's glucose metabolism, providing a therapeutic advantage in these diseases. Most clinical studies examining the neuroprotective role of ketone bodies have been conducted in patients with Alzheimer's disease, where brain imaging studies support the notion of enhancing brain energy metabolism with ketones. Likewise, a few studies show modest functional improvements in patients with Parkinson's disease and cognitive benefits in patients with-or at risk of-Alzheimer's disease after ketogenic interventions. Here, we summarize current knowledge on how ketogenic interventions support brain metabolism and discuss the therapeutic role of ketones in neurodegenerative disease, emphasizing clinical data.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.