Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33232687›Full record

ArticlePreventive medicine2021

Impact of COVID-19 lockdown policy on homicide, suicide, and motor vehicle deaths in Peru.

Renzo J C Calderon-Anyosa, Jay S Kaufman

Open access · greenAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Preventive medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
96citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
14.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

96 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 209 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Have Deaths of Despair Risen during the COVID-19 Pandemic? A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
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  11. Suicide prevented or delayed? Suicide rates during North Carolina's stay-at-home order.Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention · 2025
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  14. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on forensic pathology services in Limpopo province, South Africa.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2025
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36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Renzo J C Calderon-AnyosaDepartment of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada. Electronic address: renzo.calderonanyosa@mail.mcgill.ca.
Jay S KaufmanDepartment of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
McGill University · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Although lockdown measures to stop COVID-19 have direct effects on disease transmission, their impact on violent and accidental deaths remains unknown. Our study aims to assess the early impact of COVID-19 lockdown on violent and accidental deaths in Peru. Based on data from the Peruvian National Death Information System, an interrupted time series analysis was performed to assess the immediate impact and change in the trend of COVID-19 lockdown on external causes of death including homicide, suicide, and traffic accidents. The analysis was stratified by sex and the time unit was every 15 days. All forms of deaths examined presented a sudden drop after the lockdown. The biggest drop was in deaths related to traffic accidents, with a reduction of 12.22 deaths per million men per month (95% CI: -14.45, -9.98) and 3.55 deaths per million women per month (95% CI:-4.81, -2.30). Homicide and suicide presented similar level drop in women, while the homicide reduction was 2.5 the size of the suicide reduction in men. The slope in homicide in men during the lock-down period increased by 6.66 deaths per million men per year (95% CI:3.18, 10.15). External deaths presented a sudden drop after the lockdown was implemented and an increase in homicide in men was observed. Falls in mobility have a natural impact on traffic accidents, however, the patterns for suicide and homicide are less intuitive and reveal important characteristics of these events, although we expect all of these changes to be transient.

Indexed as

Accidents, TrafficAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAge FactorsCOVID-19FemaleHomicideHumansMaleMiddle AgedPeruPopulation SurveillanceQuarantineSARS-CoV-2Sex FactorsCOVID-19External deathsLockdownPublic policySuicides

Identifiers

PMID33232687
PMCPMC7680039
OpenAlexW3110361800

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.