ArticleMovement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society2021
Immunohistochemical Detection of Synuclein Pathology in Skin in Idiopathic Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder and Parkinsonism.
Article in Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cutaneous α-Synuclein and Age Spots in Neurodegeneration: A Systematic Review and Testable Hypothesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Skin α-synuclein assays in diagnosing Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Research diagnostic criteria for mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2023Pooled it
- Characterizing Cutaneous α-Synuclein Deposition and Seeding Activity in Parkinson's Disease Subtypes.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Preparing for Parkinson's disease prevention trials: Current progress and future directions.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2026Review
- Standardized protocol to detect phosphorylated α-synuclein in skin biopsies: recommendations from an expert panel.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2026Article
- Human and Mouse Alpha-Synuclein Fibrillation: Impact on h-FTAA Binding and Advancing Strain-Specific Biomarkers in PD Animal Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Skin-Based α-Synuclein Deposits Detection Across the Prodromal Continuum of Synucleinopathies: Updated Evidence and Perspectives.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Ten-Year Retrospective Study on the Diagnostic Value of Three-Site Skin Biopsy for Detecting pS129-α-Synuclein Biomarker: Cervical and Leg Dual-Site Biopsy as an Effective and Less Invasive Alternative.European journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Utilization of Skin Punch Biopsy for the Diagnosis of α-Synucleinopathy in Clinical Practice.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2026Article
- Article
- Dermal Alpha-Synuclein Aggregation in Seed Amplification Assays for Parkinson's Disease Subtype Differentiation.European journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Micro- and nanoscale biosensing technologies for early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease.Mikrochimica acta · 2025Review
- A novel approach to detecting plasma synuclein aggregates for Parkinson's disease diagnosis.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2025Article
- A cross-database bibliometric analysis of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder in Parkinson's disease research.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- Differentiating Prodromal Dementia with Lewy Bodies from Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease: A Pragmatic Review for Clinicians.Neurology and therapy · 2024Article
- Whole brain pattern of iron accumulation in REM sleep behavior disorder.Human brain mapping · 2024Article
- Skin nerve phosphorylated α-synuclein in the elderly.Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology · 2024Article
- A novel super-resolution microscopy platform for cutaneous alpha-synuclein detection in Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2024Article
- Biofluid Markers and Tissue Biopsies Analyses for the Prodromal and Earliest Phase of Parkinson's Disease.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRecent studies reported abnormal alpha-synuclein deposition in biopsy-accessible sites of the peripheral nervous system in Parkinson's disease (PD). This has considerable implications for clinical diagnosis. Moreover, if deposition occurs early, it may enable tissue diagnosis of prodromal PD.
objectiveThe aim of this study was to develop and test an automated bright-field immunohistochemical assay of cutaneous pathological alpha-synuclein deposition in patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, PD, and atypical parkinsonism and in control subjects.
methodsFor assay development, postmortem skin biopsies were taken from 28 patients with autopsy-confirmed Lewy body disease and 23 control subjects. Biopsies were stained for pathological alpha-synuclein in automated stainers using a novel dual-immunohistochemical assay for serine 129-phosphorylated alpha-synuclein and pan-neuronal marker protein gene product 9.5. After validation, single 3-mm punch skin biopsies were taken from the cervical 8 paravertebral area from 79 subjects (28 idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, 20 PD, 10 atypical parkinsonism, and 21 control subjects). Raters blinded to clinical diagnosis assessed the biopsies.
resultsThe immunohistochemistry assay differentiated alpha-synuclein pathology from nonpathological-appearing alpha-synuclein using combined phosphatase and protease treatments. Among autopsy samples, 26 of 28 Lewy body samples and none of the 23 controls were positive. Among living subjects, punch biopsies were positive in 23 (82%) subjects with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, 14 (70%) subjects with PD, 2 (20%) subjects with atypical parkinsonism, and none (0%) of the control subjects. After a 3-year follow-up, eight idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder subjects phenoconverted to defined neurodegenerative syndromes, in accordance with baseline biopsy results.
conclusionEven with a single 3-mm punch biopsy, there is considerable promise for using pathological alpha-synuclein deposition in skin to diagnose both clinical and prodromal PD. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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