Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33231734›Full record

ArticleDocumenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology2021

The acute effect of atropine eye drops on the human full-field electroretinogram.

Safal Khanal, Sachi Nitinkumar Rathod, John R Phillips

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 34% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Measuring electroretinograms in tree shrews with a portable electrophysiology device.Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Measuring differences in the ERG in myopia using the RETeval device with skin electrodes.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Electroretinogram responses in myopia: a review.Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology · 2022
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Ocular Penetrance and Safety of the Dopaminergic Prodrug Etilevodopa.Translational vision science & technology · 2021
    Article
  11. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.

Safal KhanalMyopia Laboratory, School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0002-3755-8046
Sachi Nitinkumar RathodMyopia Laboratory, School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
John R PhillipsMyopia Laboratory, School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. j.phillips@auckland.ac.nz.ORCID 0000-0002-6976-4645
University of Auckland · NZAsia University · TW

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeAtropine eye drops are a common and effective treatment for slowing myopia progression, but the site and mode of action of atropine in controlling myopia are unclear. We investigated the early retinal sites of action of atropine by examining its effects on the human full-field electroretinogram (ffERG).

methodBaseline ffERGs were recorded in both eyes of 24 healthy subjects (mean ± SD: 21.0 ± 2.3 years; spherical equivalent refraction, range: + 1.63 to - 0.75 D) using 6 standard ISCEV protocols, 30 min after bilateral pupil dilation with 1% Tropicamide. Atropine (1 drop, 0.1%) was then instilled into the non-dominant eye. 24 h later, ffERGs were again recorded in both eyes. Ratios (post-atropine: pre-atropine) of dark-adapted (DA) and light-adapted (LA) ffERGs were compared between atropine-treated and control eyes using multivariate repeated measures general linear models.

resultsAtropine-treated eyes responded with 14% lower DA3.0 OP (oscillatory potential) amplitude (p = 0.003) and 4% delay in the DA10.0 a-wave peak time (p = 0.00099) compared with control eyes. Amplitudes and peak times were not different between atropine-treated and control eyes for DA0.01, LA3.0, and LA3.0 flicker ERGs. While atropine caused a small (1.26 mm

conclusionsThe observed changes in oscillatory potentials corroborate previous findings that atropine affects neural activity in the inner retina. However, observed changes to the a-wave suggest that atropine also affects activity in photoreceptors.

Indexed as

AtropineMyopiaElectroretinographyHumansOphthalmic SolutionsRetinaAtropineOphthalmic SolutionsAtropineElectrophysiologyMyopiaPhotoreceptorsRetina

Identifiers

PMID33231734
OpenAlexW3108195504

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.