ArticleFASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology2021
Functional advantages of triplication of the 3B coding region of the FMDV genome.
Article in FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting GLS and LPIN2 in renal fibroblasts: potential therapeutic targets for kidney stone disease identified by integrated multi-omics analysis.Urolithiasis · 2026Article
- Interactions between the 2C protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus and components of the viral replication machinery are mediated by endoplasmic reticulum-derived membranes.The Journal of general virology · 2026Article
- Interactions between the 2C protein of FMDV and components of the viral replication machinery are mediated by ER-derived membranes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Sequences and Structures of Viral Proteins Linked to the Genomes (VPg) of RNA Viruses.Viruses · 2025Review
- Dual role of the foot-and-mouth disease virus 3B1 protein in the replication complex: As protein primer and as an essential component to recruit 3Dpol to membranes.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Multiple Viral Protein Genome-Linked Proteins Compensate for Viral Translation in a Positive-Sense Single-Stranded RNA Virus Infection.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- The RNA pseudoknots in foot-and-mouth disease virus are dispensable for genome replication, but essential for the production of infectious virus.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- Infection and protection responses of deletion mutants of non-structural proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype Asia1 in guinea pigs.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Functional advantages of triplication of the 3B coding region of the FMDV genome.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedErratum.2021
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
For gene duplication to be maintained, particularly in the small genomes of RNA viruses, this should offer some advantages. We have investigated the functions of a small protein termed VPg or 3B, which acts as a primer in the replication of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). Many related picornaviruses encode a single copy but uniquely the FMDV genome includes three (nonidentical) copies of the 3B coding region. Using sub-genomic replicons incorporating nonfunctional 3Bs and 3B fusion products in competition and complementation assays, we investigated the contributions of individual 3Bs to replication and the structural requirements for functionality. We showed that a free N-terminus is required for 3B to function as a primer and although a single 3B can support genome replication, additional copies provide a competitive advantage. However, a fourth copy confers no further advantage. Furthermore, we find that a minimum of two 3Bs is necessary for trans replication of FMDV replicons, which is unlike other picornaviruses where a single 3B can be used for both cis and trans replication. Our data are consistent with a model in which 3B copy number expansion within the FMDV genome has allowed evolution of separate cis and trans acting functions, providing selective pressure to maintain multiple copies of 3B.
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