Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33230794›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental science and pollution research international2021

The migration, transformation, and risk assessment of heavy metals in residue and bio-oil obtained by the liquefaction of pig manure.

Hui Luan, Fen Liu, Shundong Long, Zhuangzhuang Liu, Yanting Qi, Zhihua Xiao, Jun Fang

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental science and pollution research international, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Efficient Removal of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Sunflower Straw by an Acid-Assisted Hydrothermal Process.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Hui Luan *Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Swine Production, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China.
Fen Liu *Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Swine Production, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China.
Shundong LongHunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Swine Production, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China.
Zhuangzhuang LiuHunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Swine Production, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China.
Yanting QiCollege of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
Zhihua XiaoHunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Swine Production, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China. xiaozhihua@hunau.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2775-5214
Jun FangHunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Swine Production, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China. fangjun1973@hunau.edu.cn.

Funding

Hunan Agricultural University 18QN19Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Department 2016TP2005Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Department 2018WK4025National Natural Science Foundation of China 31672457Scientific Research Foundation of Hunan Provincial Education Department 18B097Scientific Research Foundation of Hunan Provincial Education Department S201910537053
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The total contents and chemical speciation analysis of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cd, and As in pig manure (PM), liquefaction residues (LRs), and bio-oils (BOs) derived from PM by liquefaction with ethanol as a solvent at 180-300 °C were thoroughly investigated in this study. The environment risk assessment, leachability, and bioavailability of heavy metals in PM and LRs were studied. The results showed that more than 75% of heavy metals remained in LRs. The total contents of heavy metals in LRs were markedly elevated, but those in BOs gradually decreased with the increase in liquefaction temperature. Moreover, the acid soluble/exchangeable fraction and reducible fraction (F1 + F2) of heavy metals in LRs and BOs was significantly reduced, while oxidizable fraction and stable fraction (F3 + F4) desirably increased after liquefaction. Furthermore, the potential risk of heavy metals in LRs was decreased in comparison to that in PM, but the risk of Pb, Mn, and As had not been obviously reduced; therefore, the LRs from the liquefaction of PM should be pretreated before recycling. Temperatures from 220 to 260 °C were the optimum conditions for disposing of PM by liquefaction with ethanol.

Indexed as

ManureMetals, HeavyAnimalsPlant OilsPolyphenolsRisk AssessmentSwineBio-OilManureMetals, HeavyPlant OilsPolyphenolsBiofuelChemical speciationLivestock excrementPollutantThermal treatmentToxicityX-ray diffraction

Identifiers

PMID33230794

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.