Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33229987›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of craniofacial surgery2021

Have There Been any Changes in the Epidemiology and Etiology of Maxillofacial Trauma During the COVID-19 Pandemic? An Italian Multicenter Study.

Giovanni Salzano, Giovanni Dell'Aversana Orabona, Giovanni Audino, Luigi Angelo Vaira, Lorenzo Trevisiol, Antonio D'Agostino, Resi Pucci, Andrea Battisti, Marco Cucurullo, Cristina Ciardiello and 7 more

Open access · greenAbstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of craniofacial surgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
7.1field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Frequency and patterns of craniomaxillofacial surgery during and after COVID-19: analysis of the Japanese national database.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2026
    Article
  5. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Incidence, Etiology, Demographics, and Treatment of Craniomaxillofacial Trauma.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2025
    Article
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  14. Dental trauma trends in emergency care:a comparative analysis before, during, and after COVID-19.Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons · 2023
    Article
  15. Learning from Covid 19 in a level 1 oral and maxillofacial trauma centre - Insights for the future.Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery, medicine, and pathology · 2023
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. How Did the COVID-19 Pandemic Affect Trends in Facial Trauma?Craniomaxillofacial trauma & reconstruction · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Giovanni SalzanoNeurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences Department, Federico II University of Naples, Naples.
Giovanni Dell'Aversana OrabonaNeurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences Department, Federico II University of Naples, Naples.
Giovanni AudinoNeurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences Department, Federico II University of Naples, Naples.
Luigi Angelo VairaOperative Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Sassari, Sassari.
Lorenzo TrevisiolDepartment of Maxillofacial Surgery, Verona University Hospital, Verona.
Antonio D'AgostinoDepartment of Maxillofacial Surgery, Verona University Hospital, Verona.
Resi PucciDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome.
Andrea BattistiOncological and Reconstructive Maxillo - Facial Surgery Unit, Umberto I Hospital of Rome, Rome.
Marco CucurulloMaxillo-Facial Surgical Unit, San Paolo Hospital, Milan.
Cristina CiardielloMaxillo-Facial Surgical Unit, San Paolo Hospital, Milan.
Ida BarcaDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy.
Maria Giulia CristofaroDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy.
Giacomo De RiuOperative Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Sassari, Sassari.
Federico BiglioliMaxillo-Facial Surgical Unit, San Paolo Hospital, Milan.
Valentino ValentiniDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome.
Pier Francesco NociniDepartment of Maxillofacial Surgery, Verona University Hospital, Verona.
Luigi CalifanoNeurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences Department, Federico II University of Naples, Naples.
University of Naples Federico II · ITOspedale San Paolo · ITUniversity of Verona · ITPoliclinico Umberto I · ITUniversity of Sassari · ITSapienza University of Rome · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

abstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has had a significant impact on people's behavior. The aim of this study has been to evaluate how the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has impacted the incidence and the features of maxillofacial fractures presented at 6 Italian tertiary centers. Clinical records of all the patients diagnosed for facial fractures between February 23 and May 23, 2019 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Any differences in patient number and characteristics and fracture etiology and site between the 2 groups were then statistically analyzed.There has been a 69.1% decrease in the number of incoming patients during the pandemic. The number of foreign patients has decreased significantly (23.3% versus 9.6%, P = 0.011) while the average age has increased (38.6 versus 45.6 years old, P = 0.01). Specific statistical significant differences for accidental falls (31.8% versus 50.1%, P = 0.005) and sports injuries (16.9% versus 1.4%, P < 0.001) were found. Concerning fracture sites, significant differences have been found in relation to nasal (22.5% versus 11.4%, P = 0.009) and frontal sinus (0.9% versus 4.4%, P = 0.037) fractures. In conclusion, SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has significantly changed the epidemiology and the etiology of facial traumas.

Indexed as

COVID-19Maxillofacial InjuriesSkull FracturesHumansMiddle AgedPandemicsRetrospective StudiesSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID33229987
PMCPMC8162046
OpenAlexW3110178150

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.