SynthesisAging2020
Effect of paternal age on offspring birth defects: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Aging, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review on the role of paternal factors in human placental development, function, and pregnancy-related disorders.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2025Pooled it
- Assessment of evidence on reported non-genetic risk factors of congenital heart defects: the updated umbrella review.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Pooled it
- Advanced paternal age is associated with reduced reproductive success and offspring racing performance in Australian Thoroughbred racehorses.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Epigenetic links between paternal age, reproduction, and offspring health: a focus on sncRNAs.Reproduction & fertility · 2025Review
- ESHRE's key research priorities in infertility: maximizing impact on science, people and society†.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Paternal and maternal exposures to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and birth outcomes: a multi-country cohort study.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2025Article
- Preconceptional paternal obesity may increase the risk of congenital urogenital anomalies in offspring: A case-control study.Andrology · 2025Article
- Retrospective analysis of non-invasive prenatal testing: a population study involving 19,835 participants in the Shaoyang area.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
- Paternal metformin use and risk of congenital malformations in offspring in Norway and Taiwan: population based, cross national cohort study.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2024Article
- Beyond black-box models: explainable AI for embryo ploidy prediction and patient-centric consultation.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2024Article
- Prenatal Diagnosis of Cleft Lip and Palate: A Retrospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- The role of fathers in child development from preconception to postnatal influences: Opportunities for the National Institutes of Health Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) program.Developmental psychobiology · 2024Review
- Prevalence, characteristics and risk factors of birth defects in central China livebirths, 2015-2022.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Advanced Paternal Age Does Not Affect Medically-Relevant Obstetrical and Perinatal Outcomes following IVF or ICSI in Humans with Donated Oocytes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Reproductive axis ageing and fertility in men.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2022Review
- Glycemic and nonglycemic mechanisms of congenital malformations in hyperglycemic pregnancies: a narrative review.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Review
- Separating the effects of paternal age and mating history: Evidence for sex-specific paternal effect in eastern mosquitofish.Evolution; international journal of organic evolution · 2022Article
- Infertility in Men: Advances towards a Comprehensive and Integrative Strategy for Precision Theranostics.Cells · 2022Review
- Social, demographic and health characteristics of men fathering children at different ages.Scientific reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis systematic review and meta-analysis was aimed at determining whether paternal age is a risk factor for offspring birth defects.
resultsA total of 38 and 11 studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively. Compared with reference, fathers aged 25 to 29, young fathers (< 20 years) could increase the risk of urogenital abnormalities (OR: 1.50, 95 % CI: 1.03-2.19) and chromosome disorders (OR: 1.38, 95 % CI: 1.12-1.52) in their offsprings; old fathers (≥ 40 years) could increase the risk of cardiovascular abnormalities (OR: 1.10, 95 % CI: 1.01-1.20), facial deformities (OR: 1.08, 95 % CI: 1.00-1.17), urogenital abnormalities (OR: 1.28, 95 % CI: 1.07-1.52), and chromosome disorders (OR: 1.30, 95 % CI: 1.12-1.52).
conclusionsOur study indicated that paternal age is associated with a moderate increase in the incidence of urogenital and cardiovascular abnormalities, facial deformities, and chromosome disorders.
methodsPubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and Embase were searched for relevant literatures from 1960 to February 2020. The systematic review follows PRISMA guidelines. Relevant meta-analyses were performed.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.