ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2020
Structure-function subsystem models of female and male forebrain networks integrating cognition, affect, behavior, and bodily functions.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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18 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Magnetic resonance microscopy maps widespread effects of Alzheimer's disease on brain structures and behavior in mice.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Cortical similarity networks in the rat brain: Postnatal development and sensitivity to early life stress.Network neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Intrinsic neuronal network organization of a mammalian peripheral nervous system.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- The intrinsic neuronal network of the central nervous system and its modular (subsystem) architecture in a mammal.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- The brain cortical similarity network: Development and sensitivity to early life stress in a rat model.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- A causal relationship between functional connectivity of brain networks and cardiovascular disease: A Mendelian randomization study.Medicine · 2025Article
- Topographic organization of bidirectional connections between the cingulate region (infralimbic area and anterior cingulate area, dorsal part) and the interbrain (diencephalon) of the adult male rat.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Neural network architecture of a mammalian brain.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Network architecture of intrinsic connectivity in a mammalian spinal cord (the central nervous system's caudal sector).Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Synchronized LFP rhythmicity in the social brain reflects the context of social encounters.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Intrinsic circuitry of the rhombicbrain (central nervous system's intermediate sector) in a mammal.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Structure-function subsystem model and computational lesions of the central nervous system's rostral sector (forebrain and midbrain).Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Macroscale connections of the mouse lateral preoptic area and anterior lateral hypothalamic area.The Journal of comparative neurology · 2022Article
- The brainstem connectome database.Scientific data · 2022Article
- Connectome topology of mammalian brains and its relationship to taxonomy and phylogeny.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Ripples reflect a spectrum of synchronous spiking activity in human anterior temporal lobe.eLife · 2021Article
- Architectures of neuronal circuits.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2021Review
- Subsystem macroarchitecture of the intrinsic midbrain neural network and its tectal and tegmental subnetworks.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The forebrain is the first of three primary vertebrate brain subdivisions. Macrolevel network analysis in a mammal (rat) revealed that the 466 gray matter regions composing the right and left sides of the forebrain are interconnected by 35,738 axonal connections forming a large set of overlapping, hierarchically arranged subsystems. This hierarchy is bilaterally symmetrical and sexually dimorphic, and it was used to create a structure-function conceptual model of intraforebrain network organization. Two mirror image top-level subsystems are presumably the most fundamental ontogenetically and phylogenetically. They essentially form the right and left forebrain halves and are relatively weakly interconnected. Each top-level subsystem in turn has two second-level subsystems. A ventromedial subsystem includes the medial forebrain bundle, functionally coordinating instinctive survival behaviors with appropriate physiological responses and affect. This subsystem has 26/24 (female/male) lowest-level subsystems, all using a combination of glutamate and GABA as neurotransmitters. In contrast, a dorsolateral subsystem includes the lateral forebrain bundle, functionally mediating voluntary behavior and cognition. This subsystem has 20 lowest-level subsystems, and all but 4 use glutamate exclusively for their macroconnections; no forebrain subsystems are exclusively GABAergic. Bottom-up subsystem analysis is a powerful engine for generating testable hypotheses about mechanistic explanations of brain function, behavior, and mind based on underlying circuit organization. Targeted computational (virtual) lesioning of specific regions of interest associated with Alzheimer's disease, clinical depression, and other disorders may begin to clarify how the effects spread through the entire forebrain network model.
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