ArticleThe Journal of biological chemistry
The SARS-CoV-2 envelope and membrane proteins modulate maturation and retention of the spike protein, allowing assembly of virus-like particles.
Article in The Journal of biological chemistry. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 221 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
221 citing papers in PubMed, 329 citations in OpenAlex.
- The accessory protein ORF3a hijacks the CLCC1 chloride channel to disrupt ER homeostasis in betacoronavirus pathogenesis.Cell discovery · 2026Article
- Rab10 coordinates SADS-CoV non-lytic egress through the ERGIC-TGN-lysosome trafficking pathway.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Structural and Mechanistic Perspectives on SARS-CoV-2 Nonstructural Protein 14-Mediated Cap Formation and Drug Discovery.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Direct lipid interactions control SARS-CoV-2 M protein conformational dynamics and virus assembly.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Impact of M and E protein mutations in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants on reduced antibody binding and increased structural stability: a bioinformatics study (2021-2023).BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Generation and immunological evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 membrane protein virus-like particles.Virology journal · 2026Article
- A WEEV 6K viroporin activates MLKL-dependent necroptosis to drive inflammatory injury.Cell death discovery · 2026Article
- Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Structural and Accessory Proteins: Emerging Opportunities for Small-Molecule Coronavirus Antivirals.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Pentameric Architecture of the SARS-CoV-2 Envelope Protein Revealed by SEC-MALS, Cryo-EM, and Molecular Dynamics.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein mitochondrial localization reveals host metabolic disruption.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Coronavirus M protein disperses the trans-Golgi network and inhibits anterograde protein trafficking in the secretory pathway.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Disruption of spike protein N-glycosylation induces its endoplasmic reticulum retention and attenuates SARS-CoV-2 infectivity.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Beyond assembly: functions of the coronavirus M protein.Virology journal · 2026Review
- Structural mimics of SARS-CoV-2.Infection · 2026Review
- Clustering of SARS-CoV-2 membrane proteins in lipid bilayer membranes.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 S assembly into virions facilitated by host ERM proteins.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 membrane protein biogenesis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Strong and early immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 in mice and rhesus macaques after BNT162b3 vaccination.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- The Role of Traditional Chinese Medicine in COVID-19 Treatment: Integrating Ancient Wisdom with Modern Medicine.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- SARS-CoV-2-host and interactions: the dual roles of E3 ubiquitin ligases and ubiquitin-like modification mechanisms in viral infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
161 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a β-coronavirus, is the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic. Like for other coronaviruses, its particles are composed of four structural proteins: spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M), and nucleoprotein (N) proteins. The involvement of each of these proteins and their interactions are critical for assembly and production of β-coronavirus particles. Here, we sought to characterize the interplay of SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins during the viral assembly process. By combining biochemical and imaging assays in infected versus transfected cells, we show that E and M regulate intracellular trafficking of S as well as its intracellular processing. Indeed, the imaging data reveal that S is relocalized at endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) or Golgi compartments upon coexpression of E or M, as observed in SARS-CoV-2-infected cells, which prevents syncytia formation. We show that a C-terminal retrieval motif in the cytoplasmic tail of S is required for its M-mediated retention in the ERGIC, whereas E induces S retention by modulating the cell secretory pathway. We also highlight that E and M induce a specific maturation of N-glycosylation of S, independently of the regulation of its localization, with a profile that is observed both in infected cells and in purified viral particles. Finally, we show that E, M, and N are required for optimal production of virus-like-particles. Altogether, these results highlight how E and M proteins may influence the properties of S proteins and promote the assembly of SARS-CoV-2 viral particles.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.