ArticleMicroorganisms2020
The Acquisition of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Patients Admitted to COVID-19 Intensive Care Units: A Monocentric Retrospective Case Control Study.
Article in Microorganisms, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05293418 (Retrospective Single-center Cohort Study to Evaluate the Incidence of Colonization by Multidrug-resistant Organisms in Mechanically Ventilated Patients With Severe COVID-19 Admitted to a Large Intensive Care Unit in Milan, Italy), which is not on this map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Retrospective Single-center Cohort Study to Evaluate the Incidence of Colonization by Multidrug-resistant Organisms in Mechanically Ventilated Patients With Severe COVID-19 Admitted to a Large Intensive Care Unit in Milan, Italy
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Multidrug-resistant infection in COVID-19 patients: A meta-analysis.The Journal of infection · 2023Pooled it
- Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis (November 2019-June 2021).Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2022Pooled it
- Epidemiology and risk factors of multidrug-resistant organisms in a Chinese tertiary hospital: a 10-year retrospective cohort study across the COVID-19 policy phases, 2013-2023.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Incidence and Risk Factors of Secondary Infections in Critically Ill SARS-CoV-2 Patients: A Retrospective Study in an Intensive Care Unit.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Incidence of Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19 as Compared to Non-COVID-19 Patients: A Prospective Case-Control Study.Critical care research and practice · 2024Article
- ICU-Acquired Colonization and Infection Related to Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in COVID-19 Patients: A Narrative Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Multi-drug resistantInfection prevention in practice · 2023Article
- Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Colonization and Infections in Large Retrospective Cohort of Mechanically Ventilated COVID-19 PatientsEmerging infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Predictors of bacteremia and death, including immune status, in a large single-center cohort of unvaccinated ICU patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.European journal of medical research · 2023Article
- Relationship between COVID-19 and ICU-acquired colonization and infection related to multidrug-resistant bacteria: a prospective multicenter before-after study.Intensive care medicine · 2023Observational
- Article
- Multidrug Resistance in Critically Ill Patients: An Unresolved Issue.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- COVID-19 Secondary Infections in ICU Patients and Prevention Control Measures: A Preliminary Prospective Multicenter Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Characteristics and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients with pulmonary disorders: A single-center, retrospective observational study.Health science reports · 2022Article
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Secondary bacterial infections and the impact on antimicrobial resistance during the COVID-19 pandemic.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2022Review
- Reorganization of Intensive Care Units for the COVID-19 pandemic: effects on nursing sensitive outcomes.Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene · 2022Observational
- Multi-Drug Resistance Bacterial Infections in Critically Ill Patients Admitted with COVID-19.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Multidrug Resistence Prevalence in COVID Area.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Carbapenem-ResistantJournal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Implications of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Emergence of Antimicrobial Resistance: Adjusting the Response to Future Outbreaks.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Whether the risk of multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) acquisition in the intensive care unit (ICU) is modified by the COVID-19 crisis is unknown. In this single center case control study, we measured the rate of MDRB acquisition in patients admitted in COVID-19 ICU and compared it with patients admitted in the same ICU for subarachnoid hemorrhage (controls) matched 1:1 on length of ICU stay and mechanical ventilation. All patients were systematically and repeatedly screened for MDRB carriage. We compared the rate of MDRB acquisition in COVID-19 patients and in control using a competing risk analysis. Of note, although we tried to match COVID-19 patients with septic shock patients, we were unable due to the longer stay of COVID-19 patients. Among 72 patients admitted to the COVID-19 ICUs, 33% acquired 31 MDRB during ICU stay. The incidence density of MDRB acquisition was 30/1000 patient days. Antimicrobial therapy and exposure time were associated with higher rate of MDRB acquisition. Among the 72 SAH patients, 21% acquired MDRB, with an incidence density was 18/1000 patient days. The septic patients had more comorbidities and a greater number of previous hospitalizations than the COVID-19 patients. The incidence density of MDRB acquisition was 30/1000 patient days. The association between COVID-19 and MDRB acquisition (compared to control) risk did not reach statistical significance in the multivariable competing risk analysis (sHR 1.71 (CI 95% 0.93-3.21)). Thus, we conclude that, despite strong physical isolation, acquisition rate of MDRB in ICU patients was at least similar during the COVID-19 first wave compared to previous period.
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