Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33226482›Full record

ArticleEuropean spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society2021

Importance of the epiphyseal ring in OLIF stand-alone surgery: a biomechanical study on cadaveric spines.

Xuyang Zhang, Hao Wu, Yilei Chen, Junhui Liu, Jian Chen, Teng Zhang, ZhaoFeng Zhou, Shunwu Fan, Patricia Dolan, Michael Anthony Adams and 1 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  5. Oblique lateral interbody fusion using angle-adjustable cage.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2025
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  16. [Research progress of effect of cage height on outcomes of lumbar interbody fusion surgery].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Xuyang Zhang *Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3, Qingchun Road East, Hangzhou, 310016, People's Republic of China.
Hao Wu *Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
Yilei ChenDepartment of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3, Qingchun Road East, Hangzhou, 310016, People's Republic of China.
Junhui LiuDepartment of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3, Qingchun Road East, Hangzhou, 310016, People's Republic of China.
Jian ChenDepartment of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3, Qingchun Road East, Hangzhou, 310016, People's Republic of China.
Teng ZhangDepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
ZhaoFeng ZhouDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
Shunwu FanDepartment of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3, Qingchun Road East, Hangzhou, 310016, People's Republic of China.
Patricia DolanDepartment of Anatomy, University of Bristol, Southwell Street, Bristol, BS2 8EJ, UK.
Michael Anthony AdamsDepartment of Anatomy, University of Bristol, Southwell Street, Bristol, BS2 8EJ, UK. M.A.Adams@bristol.ac.uk.
Fengdong ZhaoDepartment of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3, Qingchun Road East, Hangzhou, 310016, People's Republic of China. zhaofengdong@zju.edu.cn.ORCID 0000-0002-2945-8707
Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital · CNChinese University of Hong Kong · HKAt Bristol · GBUniversity of Bristol · GBZhejiang University · CN

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 81672208National Natural Science Foundation of China 81802192National Natural Science Foundation of China 81871796
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposesTo explore the function of endplate epiphyseal ring in OLIF stand-alone surgery using a biomechanical model to reduce the complications of endplate collapse and cage subsidence.

methodsIn total, 24 human cadaveric lumbar function units (L1-2 and L3-4 segments) were randomly assigned to two groups. The first group was implanted with long fusion cages which engaged with both inner and outer regions of epiphyseal ring (Complete Span-Epiphyseal Ring, CSER). Those engaged with only the inner half of epiphyseal ring were the second group (Half Span-Epiphyseal Ring, HSER). Each group was divided into two subgroups [higher cage-height (HH) and normal cage-height (NH)]. Specimens were fixed in testing cups and compressed at approximately 2.5 mm/s, until the first sign of structural failure. Trabecular structural damage was analyzed by Micro-CT, as well as the difference of bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) et al. in different regions.

resultsEndplate collapse was mainly evident in the inner region of epiphyseal ring, where trabecular injury of sub-endplate bone was most concentrated. Endplate collapse incidence was significantly higher in HSER than CSER specimens (P = 0.017). A structural failure occurred at a lower force in HSER (1.41 ± 0.34 KN) compared with CSER (2.44 ± 0.59 KN). HH subgroups failed at a lower average force than NH subgroups. Micro-CT results showed a more extensive trabecular fracture in HSER specimens compared to CSER specimens, especially in HH subgroup.

conclusionsEndplate collapse is more likely to occur with short half span cages than complete span cages, and taller cages compared with normal height cages. During OLIF surgery, we should choose cages matching intervertebral disc space height and place the cages spanning over the whole epiphyseal ring to improve support strength.

Indexed as

Spinal FusionBiomechanical PhenomenaCadaverHumansLumbar VertebraeLumbosacral RegionSpineBiomechanical modelEndplate collapseEpiphyseal ringOLIFStand-alone surgery

Identifiers

PMID33226482
OpenAlexW3110394526

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.