ArticleJournal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine2021
Daily associations between sleep and opioid use among adults with comorbid symptoms of insomnia and fibromyalgia.
Article in Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomarkers and Breakdowns: Neuroinflammatory Drivers Linking Sleep Disorders and Chronic Pain.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Daily associations between sleep and alcohol use among veterans: Acute and cumulative effects.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Article
- Zoom-Delivered Empowered Relief for Chronic Pain: Observational Longitudinal Pilot Study Exploring Feasibility and Pain-Related Outcomes in Patients on Long-Term Opioids.JMIR formative research · 2025Observational
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesDisturbed sleep and use of opioid pain medication are common among individuals with chronic pain. Anecdotally, opioids are thought to promote sleep by relieving pain. This study aimed to determine whether opioid use is associated with daily sleep parameters (and vice versa) in adults with comorbid symptoms of insomnia and fibromyalgia.
methodsIndividuals reporting symptoms of insomnia and opioid use for fibromyalgia (n = 65, 93% women, 79% White) wore wrist actigraphy and completed daily diaries for 14 days (910 observations). Analyses examined daily associations between opioid dose (measured in lowest recommended dosage units) and three sleep parameters (actigraphy/self-reported total wake time and self-reported sleep quality). Multilevel models were used to account for the clustering of daily sleep and opioid assessments (level 1) within individuals (level 2).
resultsOpioid use did not have a significant daily effect on total wake time or sleep quality, and sleep parameters did not significantly impact opioid use the next day; however, participants reported worse sleep quality and greater doses of opioids on evenings that they experienced greater pain.
conclusionsAmong adults reporting symptoms of insomnia and opioid use for fibromyalgia pain, opioid use is not reliably associated with wake time or sleep quality that night, and these sleep parameters are not significantly associated with opioid use the next day; however, evening pain has an adverse daily impact on both sleep quality and opioid use. Studies identifying strategies to prevent and manage fibromyalgia pain are needed, especially for individuals reporting comorbid insomnia and opioid use.
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Registered trials
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