Trial reportEnvironmental health perspectives2020
Vitamin D Treatment during Pregnancy and Maternal and Neonatal Cord Blood Metal Concentrations at Delivery: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial in Bangladesh.
Trial report in Environmental health perspectives, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01924013 (Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial of Maternal Vitamin D Supplementation During Pregnancy and Lactation to Improve Infant Linear Growth in Dhaka, Bangladesh.), which is not on this map. Cited by 9 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial of Maternal Vitamin D Supplementation During Pregnancy and Lactation to Improve Infant Linear Growth in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary interventions to reduce heavy metal exposure in antepartum and postpartum women: a systematic review.Women's health nursing (Seoul, Korea) · 2024Pooled it
- Vitamin D supplementation for women during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Associations between maternal and infant selenium status and child growth in a birth cohort from Dhaka, Bangladesh.The British journal of nutrition · 2023Trial
- Serum 25‑hydroxyvitamin D and dietary calcium intake interact in relation to blood cadmium in pregnant women: evidence from the NHANES survey.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Impact of Heavy Metals on the Antioxidant Activity of Vitamin D: A Metabolic Perspective.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Head Circumference Versus Length and Weight Deficits up to 2 Years of Age in Bangladesh.Maternal & child nutrition · 2025Article
- Interplay Between Vitamin D Levels and Heavy Metals Exposure in Pregnancy and Childbirth: A Systematic Review.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2024Review
- Vitamin D and Toxic Metals in Pregnancy - a Biological Perspective.Current epidemiology reports · 2024Review
- A prospective study of maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) in the first trimester of pregnancy and second trimester heavy metal levels.Environmental research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVitamin D improves absorption of calcium; however, in animal studies vitamin D also increases the absorption of toxic metals, such as lead and cadmium.
objectivesWe examined maternal and neonatal cord blood levels of lead, cadmium, manganese, and mercury after supplementation with vitamin D during pregnancy.
methodsThe Maternal Vitamin D for Infant Growth trial was a randomized, placebo-controlled, multi-arm study of maternal vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy in Dhaka, Bangladesh (NCT01924013). Women were randomized during their second trimester to blinded weekly doses of placebo or 4,200, 16,800, or 28,000 IU of vitamin D3 throughout pregnancy. Each group had 118-239 maternal blood specimens and 100-201 cord blood samples analyzed. Metals were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Unadjusted estimates from linear regression models were expressed as percentage differences. Cord blood cadmium was analyzed as detectable or undetectable with log-binomial regression.
resultsMaternal cadmium, mercury, and manganese levels were nearly identical across groups. Maternal lead levels were 6.3%, 7.4%, and 6.0% higher in the treatment groups (4,200, 16,800, and 28,000 IU, respectively) vs. placebo; however, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) showed that differences from 4.1% lower to 20% higher were compatible with the data. In treatment groups (4,200, 16,800, 28,000 IU) vs. placebo, neonatal cord blood lead levels were 8.5% (95% CI: DISCUSSION: Vitamin D supplementation from the second trimester of pregnancy did not influence maternal cadmium, mercury, or manganese levels at delivery. Vitamin D was associated with nonsignificant increases in maternal lead and with significant increases in cord blood lead and cadmium. These associations were not dose dependent. Given that there are no safe levels of metals in infants, the observed increases in cord blood lead and cadmium require further exploration. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP7265.
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