Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33225514›Full record

SynthesisDepression and anxiety2021

Co-morbidity between mood and anxiety disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Sukanta Saha, Carmen C W Lim, Danielle L Cannon, Lucinda Burton, Monique Bremner, Peter Cosgrove, Yan Huo, John J McGrath

Open access · hybridAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Depression and anxiety, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
97citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
17.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

97 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 219 citations in OpenAlex.

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  14. Article
  15. Relations among daily symptoms of depression.British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953) · 2026
    Article
  16. Not all mental disorders matter equally in peripheral arterial disease: Dementia drives prognosis and care disparities.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2026
    Article
  17. Profile of Behavioral Comorbidities in Children With Fragile X Syndrome.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026
    Article
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37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Sukanta SahaQueensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-8676-8800
Carmen C W LimQueensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-1595-6307
Danielle L CannonQueensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Australia.
Lucinda BurtonQueensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Australia.
Monique BremnerQueensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Australia.
Peter CosgroveQueensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Australia.
Yan HuoBusiness School, Faculty of Business, Economics and Law, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.
John J McGrathQueensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-4792-6068
Park Centre for Mental Health · AUThe University of Queensland · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

There is consistent evidence that mood disorders often co-occur with anxiety disorders, however, the strength of the association of these two broad groups of disorders has been challenging to summarize across different studies. The aim was to conduct a meta-analysis of publications reporting on the pairwise comorbidity between mood and anxiety disorders after sorting into comparable study types. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and the grey literature for publications between 1980 and 2017 regardless of geographical locations and languages. We meta-analyzed estimates from original articles after sorting by: (a) broad or narrow diagnostic criteria, (b) study time-frame, and (c) estimates with or without covariate adjustments. Over 43 000 unique studies were identified through electronic searches, of which 391 were selected for full-text review. Finally, 171 studies were eligible for inclusion, including 53 articles from additional snowball searching. In general, regardless of variations in diagnosis type, study time-frame, temporal order, or use of adjustments, there was substantial comorbidity between mood and anxiety disorders. Based on the entire 90 separate meta-analyses, the median OR was 6.1 (range 1.5-18.7). Of these estimates, all 90 were above 1, and 87 were significantly greater than 1 (i.e., the 95% confidence intervals did not include 1). Fourteen of the 90 pooled estimates had ORs that were greater than 10. This systematic review found robust and consistent evidence of comorbidity between broadly defined mood and anxiety disorders. Clinicians should be vigilant for the prompt identification and treatment of this common type of comorbidity.

Indexed as

AffectAnxiety DisordersComorbidityHumansMood DisordersMorbidityagoraphobiaanxiety disordersbipolar disorderdepressionepidemiologymood disorder

Identifiers

PMID33225514
PMCPMC7984258
OpenAlexW3110204117

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.