ArticleParasitology research2021
Hyalomma anatolicum resistance against ivermectin and fipronil is associated with indiscriminate use of acaricides in southwestern Balochistan, Pakistan.
Article in Parasitology research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Unveiling Misconceptions among Small-Scale Farmers Regarding Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases in Balochistan, Pakistan.Veterinary sciences · 2024Article
- Impact of Farm Management Practices on Tick Infestation in Punjab's Livestock: A Comprehensive Epidemiological Study.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Acaricide resistance status of deltamethrin and coumaphos in Hyalomma anatolicum ticks collected from different districts of Haryana.Experimental & applied acarology · 2024Article
- Molecular Survey ofVeterinary sciences · 2023Article
- Molecular Detection ofVeterinary sciences · 2023Article
- Assessment of cypermethrin and amitraz resistance and molecular profiling of voltage-gated sodium channel and octopamine tyramine genes ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- First record ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- The control of Hyalomma ticks, vectors of the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus: Where are we now and where are we going?PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Review
- First genetic report of Ixodes kashmiricus and associated Rickettsia sp.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Ticks and Molecular Survey ofMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Molecular Characterization and Assessment of Risk Factors Associated withMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Ornithodoros (Pavlovskyella) ticks associated with a Rickettsia sp. in Pakistan.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- The Associated Decision and Management Factors on Cattle Tick Level of Infestation in Two Tropical Areas of Ecuador.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Molecular Survey and Spatial Distribution ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Participatory appraisal for healthcare and welfare management strategies of donkeys (Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
- Prevalence of different tick species on livestock and associated equines and canine from different agro-ecological zones of Pakistan.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
- Acaricides Resistance in Ticks: Selection, Diagnosis, Mechanisms, and Mitigation.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Risk factors associated with tick infestations on equids in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, with notes on Rickettsia massiliae detection.Parasites & vectors · 2021Article
- Life Cycle and Genetic Identification ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2021Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Ivermectin and fipronil have been used regularly to control the hard tick Hyalomma anatolicum (Acari: Ixodidae) in domestic ruminants for more than a half-decade in Balochistan, Pakistan. Inappropriate and indiscriminate use of these acaricides has resulted in the development of resistances in tick species. In this work, acaricides (ivermectin and fipronil) resistance was evaluated in H. anatolicum through in vitro and in vivo bioassays in a horse farm of Quetta, Balochistan province, Pakistan. A participatory epidemiological survey was conducted to assess potential risk factors associated with the development of acaricide resistance in H. anatolicum. The results of the epidemiological survey revealed that the horse keepers did not follow the manufacturer's instructions for the use of acaricides and applied indiscriminate doses of acaricides. The results of in vitro bioassays (adult immersion test and larval immersion test) showed that fipronil and ivermectin have protective efficacy against H. anatolicum. The results of in vivo bioassay (adult-tick mortality assay) revealed that fipronil had a higher efficacy (78.16%) than ivermectin (49.94%). More than 80% of tick mortality was not achieved in any bioassays, even for the highest acaricide concentration (100 ppm), which suggests the development of acaricide resistance against fipronil and ivermectin. This study highlights the urgency to implement a country-wide awareness about resistance monitoring and effective tick control. Graphical abstract.
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