ArticleWorld neurosurgery: X2021
Smoking Status Affects the Association Between Hematoma Heterogeneity and Hematoma Expansion.
Article in World neurosurgery: X, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Combined application of the modified early warning score and the modified hematoma expansion prediction score for predicting hematoma expansion in intracerebral hemorrhage.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Enhancing hematoma expansion prediction in hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage based on habitat and perihematomal edema radiomics from non-contrast CT: a dual-center study.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- CT radiomics combined with clinical and radiological factors predict hematoma expansion in hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.European radiology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveThe purpose of this study was to verify the relationship between hematoma heterogeneity and hematoma expansion and explore any effect modifiers through subgroup analyses.
methodsClinical records of 357 patients with spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage at Shenzhen Second People's Hospital from March 2016 to October 2018 were included in the study. Hematoma heterogeneity was measured on the first noncontrast computed tomography image according to the Barras scale. Hematoma expansion was defined as an absolute hematoma volume increase of 6 mL, or a 33% increase. We performed univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, as well as subgroup analyses, to assess the relationship between the presence of heterogeneity on noncontrast computed tomography and hematoma expansion.
resultsHematoma expansion occurred in 79 (22.13%) of the 357 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Among the patients with ICH, there were 83 smokers, accounting for 23.24%. The average patient age was 56.21 ± 13.75 years, and 74.51% were male. Compared with the absence of heterogeneity, the risk of hematoma expansion increased by 1.06 times (odds ratio, 2.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-3.86). Based on the subgroup analysis, smoking status was found to modify the association between heterogeneity and hematoma expansion; the association was stronger in smokers than in nonsmokers (odds ratio, 10.23; 95% confidence interval, 2.15-48.65).
conclusionsHeterogeneity independently predicts hematoma expansion, especially in smoking patients.
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