ReviewNeurology. Genetics2020
Late-onset vs nonmendelian early-onset Alzheimer disease: A distinction without a difference?
Review in Neurology. Genetics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 107 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
107 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A Meta-Analysis of the Relationship between Stroke and Alzheimer's Disease: Therapeutic and Prognostic Implications.Kidney & blood pressure research · 2025Pooled it
- The role of microRNAs in understanding sex-based differences in Alzheimer's disease.Biology of sex differences · 2024Pooled it
- An updated overview of recent and ongoing deep brain stimulation (DBS) trials in patients with dementia: a systematic review.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2023Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of the Effects of Capsaicin on Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Gamma sensory stimulation in mild Alzheimer's dementia: An open-label extension study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Trial
- Cortical thickness signature of early-onset Alzheimer's disease across clinical stages and A/T1 biomarker profiles.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Treatment of animal models of Alzheimer's disease with extracellular vesicles or exosomes and involvement of microRNAs.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Potential biases associated with reported parental history of dementia in the Alzheimer's Disease Research Center cohorts: Implications for secondary data analyses.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Article
- In Vivo 4D Oxy-Wavelet MRI as a Non-Invasive Biomarker of Brain Mitochondrial Function across the Lifespan.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Therapeutic Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) on Alzheimer's Disease: Review of Clinical Results.Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2026Review
- Modulating LRP1 Pathways in Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanistic Insights and Emerging Therapies.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Risk factors for early-onset and late-onset dementia: a prospective cohort study.The lancet. Healthy longevity · 2026Article
- MRI-based atrophy subtypes in a young memory clinic cohort: associations with clinical and biomarker profiles.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2026Article
- Distinct Regulatory Genomic Architectures Distinguish Early-Onset from Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease.Genes · 2026Article
- Diabetes, Alzheimer's Disease Risk Factors, and the Cafeteria Diet: A Comprehensive Review.Current neuropharmacology · 2026Review
- GTsurvival: A Hybrid GCN-Neural Decision Tree Model for Restricted Mean Survival Time Prediction with Complex Censored Data.Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Single-nucleus multiomics reveals the disrupted regulatory programs in three brain regions of sporadic early-onset Alzheimer's disease.Science advances · 2025Article
- Domain mapping of disease mutations reveals pathogenic SORL1 variants in Alzheimer's disease.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2025Article
- Brain Connectivity, Neural Networks, and Resilience in Aging and Neurodegeneration.The American journal of pathology · 2025Review
- Trajectories of Alzheimer's Disease Prevalence among National Health Insurance and Medical Aid Beneficiaries from 2010 to 2019.Yonsei medical journal · 2025Article
47 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
There is mounting evidence that only a small fraction of early-onset Alzheimer disease cases (onset <65 years) are explained by known mutations. Even multiplex families with early onset often also have late-onset cases, suggesting that the commonly applied categorization of Alzheimer disease into early- and late-onset forms may not reflect distinct underlying etiology. Nevertheless, this categorization continues to govern today's research and the design of clinical trials. The aim of this review is to evaluate this categorization by providing a comprehensive, critical review of reported clinical, neuropathologic, and genomic characteristics of both onset-based subtypes and explore potential overlap between both categories. The article will lay out the need to comprehensively assess the phenotypic, neuropathologic, and molecular variability in Alzheimer disease and identify factors explaining the observed significant variation in onset age in persons with and without known mutations. The article will critically review ongoing large-scale genomic efforts in Alzheimer disease research (e.g., Alzheimer Disease Sequencing Project, Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network, Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative) and their shortcomings to disentangle the delineation of unexplained nonmendelian early-onset from late-onset and mendelian forms of Alzheimer disease. In addition, it will outline specific approaches including epigenetic research through which a comprehensive characterization of this delineation can be achieved.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.