Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33225036›Full record

ArticleGenes & diseases2021

Patients with SARS-CoV-2 and HBV co-infection are at risk of greater liver injury.

Yong Lin, Jun Yuan, Quanxin Long, Jieli Hu, Haijun Deng, Zhenyu Zhao, Juan Chen, Mengji Lu, Ailong Huang

Open access · diamondAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Genes & diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.

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  11. Determinants of abnormal liver-related biomarkers in adult COVID-19 patients.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Yong LinKey Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases (Chinese Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
Jun YuanSchool of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
Quanxin LongKey Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases (Chinese Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
Jieli HuKey Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases (Chinese Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
Haijun DengKey Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases (Chinese Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
Zhenyu ZhaoKey Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases (Chinese Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
Juan ChenKey Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases (Chinese Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
Mengji LuInstitute for Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, 45122, Germany.
Ailong HuangKey Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases (Chinese Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
Chongqing Medical University · CNChongqing Public Health Medical Center · CNUniversity of Duisburg-Essen · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To date, it remains unclear if severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) co-infection exacerbates liver injury in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. In this study, we present a retrospective study of 133 hospitalized confirmed mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases, including 116 patients with COVID-19 with negative serum hepatitis B antigen and 17 HBV inactive carriers with COVID-19. We found that there were no significant differences for the discharge rate or duration of hospitalization between the two groups. However, inactive HBV carriers with SARS-CoV-2 co-infection are at a higher risk of abnormal liver function tests. The enhanced liver injury induced by SARS-CoV-2 and HBV co-infection was identified as the hepatocyte type rather than the cholangiocyte type. Moreover, the inflammatory response, including abnormal lactate dehydrogenase, D-dimer and interleukin-6 production, may contribute to this injury following SARS-CoV-2 co-infection. Collectively, SARS-CoV-2 and HBV co-infection exacerbates liver function of the patients with COVID-19.

Indexed as

Abnormal liver functionALP, alkaline phosphataseALT, alanine aminotransferaseAST, aspartate aminotransferaseCOVID-19COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019GGT, gamma-glutamyltransferaseHBVHBV, hepatitis B virusInactive HBV carriersIQR, interquartile rangeLDH, lactate dehydrogenaseLiver injurySARS-CoV-2SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2TBIL, total bilirubin

Identifiers

PMID33225036
PMCPMC7672332
OpenAlexW3102182984

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.