ArticleGland surgery2020
The role of multimodal ultrasonic flow imaging in Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) 4 nodules.
Article in Gland surgery, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- The value of conventional ultrasound combined with superb microvascular imaging and color Doppler flow imaging in the diagnosis of thyroid malignant nodules: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Enhancing diagnostic accuracy of American College of Radiology TI-RADS 4 nodules: nomogram models based on MRI morphological features.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- Diagnostic value of greyscale ultrasound combined with superb microvascular imaging in thyroid nodules: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- Integrated use of contrast-enhanced and grey-scale ultrasound in assigning American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging-Reporting and Data System scores for characterisation of thyroid nodules: A prospective observational study.Ultrasound (Leeds, England) · 2024Article
- Combing superb microvascular imaging with shear wave elastography for risk stratification of Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) 4 thyroid nodules.Gland surgery · 2024Article
- Clinical application of intraoperative ultrasound superb microvascular imaging in brain tumors resections: contributing to the achievement of total tumoral resection.BMC medical imaging · 2024Article
- Ultrasound microflow patterns help in distinguishing malignant from benign thyroid nodules.Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society · 2024Article
- Diagnostic efficacy of data mining method based on multimodal ultrasound for papillary thyroid carcinoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Application of decision tree algorithms to predict central lymph node metastasis in well-differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma based on multimodal ultrasound parameters: a retrospective study.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2023Article
- Value of CEUS features in diagnosing thyroid nodules with halo sign on B-mode ultrasound.BMC medical imaging · 2023Article
- Review
- Ultrasound super-resolution imaging for the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules: A pilot study.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Independent risk factors and feasibility of ultrasound diagnosis of ultrasound-guided non-cytologically diagnostic thyroid nodules.Gland surgery · 2021Article
- Application of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of burn depth.Annals of translational medicine · 2021Article
- Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in the Differential Diagnosis and Risk Stratification of ACR TI-RADS Category 4 and 5 Thyroid Nodules With Non-Hypovascular.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundColor Doppler imaging (CDFI), contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), and superb micro-vascular imaging (SMI) are used to observe blood flow characteristics in Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) 4 nodules. The ability of these techniques to distinguish benign from malignant nodules was investigated.
methodsA total of 75 TI-RADS 4 nodules were examined using CDFI, SMI, and CEUS. The blood flow characteristics shown by the three methods were added to the current TI-RADS classification to establish a new TI-RADS classification. The value of the three methods and the diagnostic accuracy of the new and old TI-RADS classification were compared.
resultsSMI better captured type II flow in benign nodules and type III flow in malignant nodules relative to CDFI. Malignant nodules detected with CEUS manifested mainly with hypo-enhancement, whereas benign nodules showed iso- and hyper-enhancement. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUC) obtained through the aforementioned flow distribution models were 0.690 (CDFI), 0.840 (SMI), 0.910 (CEUS), and 0.903 (CEUS and SMI combined mode), respectively. The diagnostic value of CEUS was the highest. Joint inspection using SMI with CEUS showed certain advantages in sensitivity, although the overall accuracy was equal to that of CEUS alone. Except for CDFI, the AUC of the new TI-RADS classification was significantly higher than that of the old one. Perforating vessels and low enhancement were independent predictors of thyroid carcinoma.
conclusionsBoth SMI and CEUS visualized lower-velocity blood flow within TI-RADS 4 nodules. The new TI-RADS classification described here could improve diagnostic accuracy.
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