ArticleCureus2020
Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Complications of Extensively Drug-Resistant Typhoid at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan.
Article in Cureus, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antibiotic resistance in the Middle East and Southern Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2025Review
- Progress on the Global Research Agenda for Antimicrobial Resistance in Human Health in Pakistan: Findings and Implications.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Review
- Article
- Article
- Rising XDR-Typhoid Fever Cases in Pakistan: Are We Heading Back to the Pre-antibiotic Era?Frontiers in public healthArticle
- A comparable risk of extensively drug-resistant typhoid fever in the pediatric cohort during the COVID-19 pandemic.International journal of health sciencesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionTyphoid fever is a major health problem in developing countries. Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) typhoid is an emerging threat to world health. The objectives of this study were to report our blood culture proven patients having XDR typhoid and compare the rate of gastrointestinal (GI) and hepatobiliary manifestations and complications of antimicrobial sensitive and resistant strains. MATERIALS AND
methodsThis prospective observational study was carried out at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan, from January 2019 till August 2020 on all consecutive blood culture proven patients of
resultsOverall rate of complications was low. Some 10% (1/10) with nonresistant typhoid, 14% (1/7) with MDR, and 15% (6/39) of our patients with XDR typhoid fever had abdominal tenderness (p=0.95). None of the patients had GI bleeding, abdominal abscess, or peritonitis. Some 20% (2/10) patients with nonresistant typhoid, 29% (2/7) with MDR, and 18% (7/39) with XDR typhoid developed acute hepatitis, with greater than three times elevation of liver transaminases. There was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of hepatitis between these groups (p=0.98). Interestingly, one of our patients with XDR typhoid also developed cholestatic hepatitis.
conclusionThere is no significant difference in GI and hepatobiliary complications amongst antimicrobial sensitive and resistant strains of typhoid. However, emergence of resistant strains calls for focus on prevention and judicious use of antimicrobials.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.