ArticleAnimal reproduction2019
Differential expression of T helper cytokines in the liver during early pregnancy in sheep.
Article in Animal reproduction, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acute exposure to cell-free mitochondrial DNA induces pregnancy-specific aortic endothelial dysfunction and organ-selective inflammation in rats.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Laurolitsine ameliorates insulin resistance, ovarian dysfunction and gut microbiota dysbiosis in DHEA plus HFD-induced PCOS mice.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Mangiferin ameliorates polycystic ovary syndrome in rats by modulating insulin resistance, gut microbiota, and ovarian cell apoptosis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- The Expression of Selected Cytokine Genes in the Livers of Young Castrated Bucks after Supplementation with a Mixture of DryAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Expression of IkappaB Family in the Ovine Liver during Early Pregnancy.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Maternal hepatic immunology during pregnancy.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Distinctive Toll-like Receptors Gene Expression and Glial Response in Different Brain Regions of Natural Scrapie.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Possible impact of neutrophils on immune responses during early pregnancy in ruminants.Animal reproduction · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Liver plays important roles in the innate and adaptive immunity, and contributes to the maternal immune adjustments during pregnancy in mice and rats. T helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 cytokines are related to immune response. However, expression of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in maternal livers is unclear during early pregnancy in sheep. In this study, livers were collected on day 16 of the estrous cycle and on days 13, 16 and 25 of pregnancy (n = 6 for each group) in ewes, and qRT-PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the expression of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in the livers. Our results showed that interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 were downregulated, and IL-5 was upregulated in the livers during early pregnancy. Furthermore, there was no effect for early pregnancy on expression of TNF-β in the livers, and the IFN-γ protein was limited to the endothelial cells of the proper hepatic arteries and portal veins. In conclusion, early pregnancy exerted its effect on the liver to regulate the Th cytokines expression, but there was no evident shift from Th1 to Th2 cytokines, which may be necessary for the maternal hepatic immune adjustments during early pregnancy in sheep.
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