ArticleClinical oral investigations2021
Oral HPV among people who use crack-cocaine: prevalence, genotypes, risk factors, and key interventions in a remote Northern Brazilian region.
Article in Clinical oral investigations, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Detection and natural history of HPV infection of oral cavity and tonsils - a systematic literature review.BMC cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Knowledge and attitudes of dental clinic attendees on oral HPV infection in Ibadan, Nigeria.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Oral and periodontal manifestation related during human papilloma virus infections: Update on early prognostic factors.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Cocaine use and head and neck cancer risk: A pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
- Prevalence and Genotyping of HPV in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Northern Brazil.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Syphilis and Co-Infections with HIV-1, HBV, and HCV among People Who Use Crack-Cocaine in Northern Brazil.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Prevalence, Diversity, and Risk Factors for Cervical HPV Infection in Women Screened for Cervical Cancer in Belém, Pará, Northern Brazil.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Spread of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus 1 and 2 Among Relatives of People Who Use Illicit Drugs in Northern Brazil.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Hepatitis E Virus in People Who Use Crack-Cocaine: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Remote Region of Northern Brazil.Viruses · 2021Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThis study estimated the prevalence, genotype distribution, and the factors associated with oral human papillomavirus (HPV) in people who use crack-cocaine (PWUCC) in a remote Brazilian region. MATERIALS AND
methodsThis cross-sectional study used community-based snowball sampling methods for participant recruitment. Socio-demographic, economic, drug use, and health-related information was collected from 278 PWUCC in the cities of Bragança and Capanema in northern Brazil. HPV diagnosis and genotyping were performed by a real-time polymerase chain reaction. Logistic regression identified the factors independently associated with oral HPV.
resultsIn total, 111 (39.9%) PWUCC had HPV DNA. Several genotypes were identified, some of them with high oncogenic potential. Crack-cocaine use ≥40 months, unprotected sex, more than 10 sexual partners in the last 12 months, oral sex, exchange of sex for money or illicit drugs, oral mucosa lesions, not having access to public health services, and the absence of vaccination against HPV was all associated with HPV DNA.
conclusionsThis study identified important epidemiological characteristics of oral HPV infection among PWUCC-a highly marginalized risk population-underlining the high prevalence of oral HPV with oncogenic potential and the urgent need for control and prevention measures, especially vaccination against this virus. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: It is necessary to understand the prevalence and risk factors of oral HPV in risk populations as people who use crack-cocaine.
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