Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33221421›Full record

ArticleMagnetic resonance imaging2021

Empirical field mapping for gradient nonlinearity correction of multi-site diffusion weighted MRI.

Colin B Hansen, Baxter P Rogers, Kurt G Schilling, Vishwesh Nath, Justin A Blaber, Okan Irfanoglu, Alan Barnett, Carlo Pierpaoli, Adam W Anderson, Bennett A Landman

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Magnetic resonance imaging, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  3. Engineering clinical translation of OGSE diffusion MRI.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2025
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  8. Nonlinear Gradient Field Mapping Using a Spherical Grid Phantom for 3 and 7 Tesla MR Imaging Systems Equipped with High-performance Gradient Coils.Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · 2024
    Article
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  10. Evaluation of Mean Shift, ComBat, and CycleGAN for Harmonizing Brain Connectivity Matrices Across Sites.Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering · 2024
    Article
  11. Nonlinear Gradient Field Estimation in Diffusion MRI Tensor Simulation.Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering · 2024
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Mapping the Impact of Approximate Gradient Nonlinearity Fields Correction on Tractography.Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering · 2023
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Diffusion-weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging of the heartPostepy w kardiologii interwencyjnej = Advances in interventional cardiology · 2022
    Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Mapping the Impact of Non-Linear Gradient Fields on Diffusion MRI Tensor Estimation.Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Colin B HansenComputer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. Electronic address: colin.b.hansen@vanderbilt.edu.
Baxter P RogersDepartment of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
Kurt G SchillingDepartment of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Vishwesh NathComputer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
Justin A BlaberElectrical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
Okan IrfanogluNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Alan BarnettNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Carlo PierpaoliNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Adam W AndersonDepartment of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
Bennett A LandmanComputer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Electrical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
Vanderbilt University · USNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering · USVanderbilt University Medical Center · US

Funding

VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY CTSA FOR PEDIATRIC RESEARCHUL1RR024975 · NCRR · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · PI BERNARD, GORDON RAPHAEL · 2007 to 2011
$45.7M
Overall: Eunice Kennedy Shriver Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center at VanderbiltP50HD103537 · NICHD · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI Lea K Davis · 2020 to 2026
$10.3M
Postdoctoral Training in Biomedical MRI and MRST32EB001628 · NIBIB · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI John C Gore · 2003 to 2026
$7.0M
Controlling Quality and Capturing Uncertainty in Advanced Diffusion Weighted MRIR01EB017230 · NIBIB · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · PI LANDMAN, BENNETT A. · 2015 to 2024
$5.1M
Processing and Analysis of Quantitative Diffusion MRI DataZIHEB000088 · NIBIB · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF BIOMEDICAL IMAGING AND BIOENGINEERING · PI PIERPAOLI, CARLO · 2017 to 2022
$4.5M
Replacement and Upgrade of a 3T MR Scanner for ResearchS10OD021771 · OD · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI GORE, JOHN C · 2016 to 2016
$2.0M
NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR024975NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB017230NIBIB NIH HHS T32 EB001628NICHD NIH HHS P50 HD103537NIH HHS S10 OD021771
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAchieving inter-site / inter-scanner reproducibility of diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) metrics has been challenging given differences in acquisition protocols, analysis models, and hardware factors. PURPOSE: Magnetic field gradients impart scanner-dependent spatial variations in the applied diffusion weighting that can be corrected if the gradient nonlinearities are known. However, retrieving manufacturer nonlinearity specifications is not well supported and may introduce errors in interpretation of units or coordinate systems. We propose an empirical approach to mapping the gradient nonlinearities with sequences that are supported across the major scanner vendors. STUDY TYPE: Prospective observational study. SUBJECTS: A spherical isotropic diffusion phantom, and a single human control volunteer. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE: 3 T (two scanners). Stejskal-Tanner spin echo sequence with b-values of 1000, 2000 s/mm ASSESSMENT: We compare the proposed correction with the prior approach using manufacturer specifications against typical diffusion pre-processing pipelines (i.e., ignoring spatial gradient nonlinearities). In phantom data, we evaluate metrics against the ground truth. In human and phantom data, we evaluate reproducibility across scans, sessions, and hardware. STATISTICAL TESTS: Wilcoxon rank-sum test between uncorrected and corrected data.

resultsIn phantom data, our correction method reduces variation in mean diffusivity across sessions over uncorrected data (p < 0.05). In human data, we show that this method can also reduce variation in mean diffusivity across scanners (p < 0.05).

conclusionOur method is relatively simple, fast, and can be applied retroactively. We advocate incorporating voxel-specific b-value and b-vector maps should be incorporated in DW-MRI harmonization preprocessing pipelines to improve quantitative accuracy of measured diffusion parameters.

Indexed as

Diffusion Magnetic Resonance ImagingNonlinear DynamicsHealthy VolunteersHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMalePhantoms, ImagingReproducibility of ResultsYoung AdultDW-MRIField estimationGradient nonlinearityPre-processing

Identifiers

PMID33221421
PMCPMC7770121
OpenAlexW3100819452

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.