ArticleSleep health2021
Smoke at night and sleep worse? The associations between cigarette smoking with insomnia severity and sleep duration.
Article in Sleep health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Effects of Smoking on the Sleep-Wakefulness Cycle: Actigraphic Research Among University Students.Cureus · 2026Article
- Elevating sleep to a global health priority: The One Sleep Health framework.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Review
- Risk of Insomnia Disorder in Japanese Cancer Patients: A Matched Cohort Study Using Employer-Based Health Insurance Claims Data.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- Health-related factors and epigenetic alterations in metabolic comorbidities patients and smokers with carpal tunnel syndrome: a preliminary investigation of patient-derived samples.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2026Article
- Prevalence, subtypes, and comorbidity of DSM-5 insomnia disorder among adults in Beijing, China: a large-scale cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Tobacco smoke exposure and sleep problems: A secondary dataset analysis of NHANES and Mendelian randomization analyses.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- Prevalence and determinants of insomnia in patients with chronic heart failure: a cross-sectional survey in Jiaxing, China.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Nicotine and Cannabis Co-Use and Sleep-Related Outcomes in Adults: A Narrative Review and Implications.Current addiction reports · 2026Article
- Sedentary Behavior Worsens the Adverse Impact of E-cigarettes Smoking on Sleep Quality.Medeniyet medical journal · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a risk prediction model for poor sleep quality among senior high school students in China.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Individual-Level Exposure to Light at Night and Sleep Health: A Comparison between Real-Time Mobility-Based Measurements and Indoor Residence-Based Measurements.Environmental science & technology · 2025Article
- Associations Between Cigarette Smoking and Poor Sleep Among Adults With a Lifetime Cancer Diagnosis.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Insomnia symptoms and their association with academic performance among respiratory therapy students in Saudi Arabia and the United States.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Smoking relapse and withdrawal symptoms among smokers accessing smoking cessation services provided by the primary care settings of Qatar.Journal of public health research · 2025Article
- Human Gene Expression Profile Analysis of Insomnia and Pre-insomnia Disorders: A Cellular Study.Basic and clinical neuroscience · 2025Article
- Sleep quality among clinical postgraduate students: a cross-sectional study in Kerala, India.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Association between household sleep environment and sleep health characteristics in middle-aged adults: The CARDIA sleep study.Sleep health · 2025Article
- The role of sleep difficulties in the relation between pain and smoking cessation processes.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2025Article
- Sleep apnea and daytime sleepiness in police officers from Kerala, India.BMC public health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveInsomnia is a clinically verified nicotine withdrawal symptom. As nicotine is a stimulant, it is plausible that smoking at night could disturb sleep more than smoking at earlier times of the day, but this remains empirically unclear. This study examined smoking status and its associations with insomnia severity and sleep duration while considering the potential role of smoking time.
methodsData were derived from the Sleep and Healthy Activity Diet Environment and Socialization study, a community-based study of 1007 adults (n
resultsCompared to nonsmoking, smoking was associated with experiencing increased insomnia (odds ratio = 2.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.9, 3.4, P < .001) as well as very short (relative risk ratio = 1.9, 95% CI 1.1, 3.3) and short (relative risk ratio = 1.5, 95% CI 1.0, 2.3) sleep (vs normal sleep duration). Night-time smoking was significantly associated with greater insomnia and shorter sleep duration.
conclusionsFindings provide evidence that smoking is associated with increased insomnia severity and shorter sleep duration, particularly nightly smoking. Sleep health should be considered in smoking cessation efforts.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.