Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33219070›Full record

ArticleJournal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM

The Effect of Depression and Rurality on Diabetes Control.

Helen N C Fu, Victoria G Skolnick, Caroline S Carlin, Leif Solberg, Abagail M Raiter, Kevin A Peterson

Open access · diamondAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 34% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Helen N C FuFrom the Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN (HF); College of Liberal Arts, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis (VGS); Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN (CC); HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis MN (LS); College of Liberal Arts, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis (AMR); Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis (KAP).
Victoria G SkolnickFrom the Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN (HF); College of Liberal Arts, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis (VGS); Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN (CC); HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis MN (LS); College of Liberal Arts, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis (AMR); Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis (KAP).
Caroline S CarlinFrom the Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN (HF); College of Liberal Arts, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis (VGS); Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN (CC); HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis MN (LS); College of Liberal Arts, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis (AMR); Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis (KAP).
Leif SolbergFrom the Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN (HF); College of Liberal Arts, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis (VGS); Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN (CC); HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis MN (LS); College of Liberal Arts, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis (AMR); Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis (KAP).
Abagail M RaiterFrom the Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN (HF); College of Liberal Arts, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis (VGS); Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN (CC); HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis MN (LS); College of Liberal Arts, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis (AMR); Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis (KAP).
Kevin A PetersonFrom the Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN (HF); College of Liberal Arts, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis (VGS); Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN (CC); HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis MN (LS); College of Liberal Arts, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis (AMR); Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis (KAP).
University of Minnesota Medical Center · USUniversity of Minnesota · US

Funding

Understanding Infrastructure Transformation Effects on Diabetes (The UNITED Study)R18DK110732 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI CARLIN, CAROLINE S, PETERSON, KEVIN A · 2016 to 2021
$2.9M
NIDDK NIH HHS R18 DK110732
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHaving depression and living in a rural environment have separately been associated with poor diabetes outcomes, but there little is known about the interaction between the 2 risk factors. This study investigates the association of depression and rurality with glycemic control in adults, as well as their interaction.

methodsThis is a repeated cross-sectional study with data collected from 2010 to 2017 (n = 1,697,173 patient-year observations), comprising a near-complete census of patients with diabetes in Minnesota. The outcome of interest was glycemic control defined as hemoglobin A1c under 8%. We used a logit model with clinic-level random effects to predict glycemic control as a function of depression, patient rurality, and their interaction, adjusted for differences in observed characteristics of the patient, clinic, and patient's neighborhood.

resultsHaving depression was associated with lower probability of achieving glycemic control (

conclusionAlthough patients with depression had poorer glycemic control, living in a small rural town reduced the negative association between depression and glycemic control.

Indexed as

Diabetes MellitusDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2AdultBlood GlucoseCross-Sectional StudiesDepressionGlycated HemoglobinHumansBlood GlucoseGlycated HemoglobinCross-Sectional StudiesDepressionDiabetes MellitusGlycated Hemoglobin AHyperglycemiaLogistic ModelsMinnesotaRisk FactorsRural Health Services

Identifiers

PMID33219070
PMCPMC8489964
OpenAlexW3105173605

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.