Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33218682›Full record

ArticleGynecologic oncology2021

Rural disparities in surgical care from gynecologic oncologists among Midwestern ovarian cancer patients.

Kristin Weeks, Charles F Lynch, Michele West, Ryan Carnahan, Michael O'Rorke, Jacob Oleson, Megan McDonald, Sherri L Stewart, Ovarian Cancer Treatment Study, Mary Charlton

Open access · greenAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Gynecologic oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
3.8field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Route and efficiency analysis of cancer health care (REACH): Investigating sociodemographic and rurality of metastatic breast cancer patients at an NCI-designated facility.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2025
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  7. Healthcare Access Domains Mediate Racial Disparities in Ovarian Cancer Treatment Quality in a US Patient Cohort: A Structural Equation Modelling Analysis.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2023
    Article
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  12. Disparity of ovarian cancer survival between urban and rural settings.International journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society · 2022
    Article
  13. Observational
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  18. Disparities in Gynecologic Cancers.Cancer journal (Sudbury, Mass.)
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Kristin WeeksCarver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States of America. Electronic address: kristin-weeks@uiowa.edu.
Charles F LynchDepartment of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States of America; Iowa Cancer Registry, State Health Registry of Iowa, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States of America.
Michele WestIowa Cancer Registry, State Health Registry of Iowa, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States of America.
Ryan CarnahanDepartment of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States of America.
Michael O'RorkeDepartment of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States of America.
Jacob OlesonDepartment of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States of America.
Megan McDonaldDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, United States of America.
Sherri L StewartDivision of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
Ovarian Cancer Treatment StudyLisa L. Hunter, (Iowa Cancer Registry); Sue-Min Lai, Sarma Garimella, John Keighley, Li Huang (Kansas Cancer Registry); Jeannette Jackson-Thompson, Nancy Hunt Rold, Chester L. Schmaltz, Saba Yemane (Missouri Cancer Registry); Wilhelmina Ross, Diane Ng, Maricarmen Traverso-Ortiz (Westat); Jennifer M. Wike (CDC contractor); Trevor D. Thompson, Sun Hee Rim, Angela Moore (CDC), United States of America.
Mary CharltonDepartment of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States of America; Iowa Cancer Registry, State Health Registry of Iowa, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States of America.
University of Iowa · USCenters for Disease Control and Prevention · USUniversity of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics · US

Funding

Viral VectorP30CA086862 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI Douglas Robert Spitz · 2000 to 2026
$70.0M
Pulmonary Toxicology Facility CoreP30ES005605 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI Brandi Janssen · 1990 to 2026
$40.5M
MEDICAL SCIENTIST TRAINING PROGRAMT32GM007337 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI GEYER, PAMELA K., LENTZ, STEVEN R · 1985 to 2020
$15.9M
Component A: Impact of Community Factors on Geographic Disparities in Diabetes and Obesity NationwideU01DP006299 · DP · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI THORPE, LORNA · 2017 to 2021
$4.1M
Intramural CDC HHS CC999999NCCDPHP CDC HHS U01 DP006299NCI NIH HHS HHSN261201800012CNCI NIH HHS HHSN261201800012INCI NIH HHS P30 CA086862NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES005605NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007337
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveUp to one-third of women with ovarian cancer in the United States do not receive surgical care from a gynecologic oncologist specialist despite guideline recommendations. We aim to investigate the impact of rurality on receiving surgical care from a specialist, referral to a specialist, and specialist surgery after referral, and the consequences of specialist care.

methodsWe utilized a retrospective cohort created through an extension of standard cancer surveillance in three Midwestern states. Multivariable adjusted logistic regression was utilized to assess gynecologic oncologist treatment of women 18-89 years old, who were diagnosed with primary, histologically confirmed, malignant ovarian cancer in 2010-2012 in Kansas, Missouri and Iowa by rurality.

resultsRural women were significantly less likely to receive surgical care from a gynecologic oncologist specialist (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.24-0.58) and referral to a specialist (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.23-0.59) compared to urban women. There was no significant difference in specialist surgery after a referral (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.26-1.20). Rural women treated surgically by a gynecologic oncologist versus non-specialist were more likely to receive cytoreduction and more complete tumor removal to ≤1 cm.

conclusionThere is a large rural-urban difference in receipt of ovarian cancer surgery from a gynecologic oncologist specialist (versus a non-specialist). Disparities in referral rates contribute to the rural-urban difference. Further research will help define the causes of referral disparities, as well as promising strategies to address them.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCytoreduction Surgical ProceduresFemaleGynecologyHealthcare DisparitiesHealth Services AccessibilityHumansIowaKansasMedical OncologyMiddle AgedMissouriOvarian Neoplasms

Identifiers

PMID33218682
PMCPMC7869694
OpenAlexW3103320828

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.