ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2020
Special Delivery: Potential Mechanisms of Botulinum Neurotoxin Uptake and Trafficking within Motor Nerve Terminals.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Botulinum neurotoxin Light Chain/A1 uses fast synaptic vesicle cycling to cleave plasma membrane bound SNAP-25.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Clinical characteristics of botulinum toxin poisoning following cosmetic injections.World journal of emergency medicine · 2025Article
- Effect of bovine milk-derived peptide on SNAP-25 of the neurotransmitter system in treating the sialorrhoea in chronic neurological diseases.Food science and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Humanized VHH-hFc Fusion Proteins Targeting the L-HN Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Provided Protection In Vivo.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Unraveling Botulinum Neurotoxin A Light-Chain-Induced Signaling Pathways: A Phosphoproteomic Analysis in a Controlled Cellular Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Case Report: Botulism associated with cosmetic BoNT-A injections: respiratory failure and multidrug-resistant infection as emerging clinical challenges.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Article
- Review
- Differential Blood-Brain Barrier Transport and Cell Uptake of Cyclic Peptides In Vivo and In Vitro.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Neuromuscular recovery from botulism involves multiple forms of compensatory plasticity.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Article
- How Botulinum Neurotoxin Light Chain A1 Maintains Stable Association with the Intracellular Neuronal Plasma Membrane.Toxins · 2022Article
- Observational
- In Silico Conformational Features of Botulinum Toxins A1 and E1 According to Intraluminal Acidification.Toxins · 2022Article
- Neuron-recognizable characteristics of peptides recombined using a neuronal binding domain of botulinum neurotoxin.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are highly potent, neuroparalytic protein toxins that block the release of acetylcholine from motor neurons and autonomic synapses. The unparalleled toxicity of BoNTs results from the highly specific and localized cleavage of presynaptic proteins required for nerve transmission. Currently, the only pharmacotherapy for botulism is prophylaxis with antitoxin, which becomes progressively less effective as symptoms develop. Treatment for symptomatic botulism is limited to supportive care and artificial ventilation until respiratory function spontaneously recovers, which can take weeks or longer. Mechanistic insights into intracellular toxin behavior have progressed significantly since it was shown that toxins exploit synaptic endocytosis for entry into the nerve terminal, but fundamental questions about host-toxin interactions remain unanswered. Chief among these are mechanisms by which BoNT is internalized into neurons and trafficked to sites of molecular toxicity. Elucidating how receptor-bound toxin is internalized and conditions under which the toxin light chain engages with target SNARE proteins is critical for understanding the dynamics of intoxication and identifying novel therapeutics. Here, we discuss the implications of newly discovered modes of synaptic vesicle recycling on BoNT uptake and intraneuronal trafficking.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.