Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33217447›Full record

ArticleGastroenterology2021

Paneth Cell Alertness to Pathogens Maintained by Vitamin D Receptors.

Rong Lu, Yong-Guo Zhang, Yinglin Xia, Jilei Zhang, Arthur Kaser, Richard Blumberg, Jun Sun

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Gastroenterology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
64citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
10.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

64 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 108 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Role of Bile Acid Receptors in Non-Infectious Diarrhea: A Narrative Review.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. The Role of Vitamin D and Vitamin D Receptor in Sepsis.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Immune Modulatory Effects of Vitamin D on Herpesvirus Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  16. Dysbiosis and extraintestinal cancers.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Rong LuDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
Yong-Guo ZhangDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
Yinglin XiaDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
Jilei ZhangDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
Arthur KaserDepartment of Medicine, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Richard BlumbergDivision of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Jun SunDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Microbiology/Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; UIC Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. Electronic address: Junsun7@uic.edu.
University of Illinois Chicago · USBrigham and Women's Hospital · USUniversity of Cambridge · GB

Funding

Endoplasmic reticulum stress and intestinal inflammationR01DK088199 · NIDDK · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI Richard S Blumberg · 2010 to 2026
$9.6M
How Vitamin D Receptor Influences Intestinal BarriersR01DK114126 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI Jun Sun · 2018 to 2026
$3.0M
Vitamin D Receptor Regulation of Microbiota in Intestinal EpitheliaR01DK105118 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI SUN, JUN · 2016 to 2020
$1.8M
Microbiome and intestinal barrier in ALS therapyI01BX004824 · VA · JESSE BROWN VA MEDICAL CENTER · PI SUN, JUN · 2020 to 2025
–
BLRD VA I01 BX004824NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK088199NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK105118NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK114126
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

aimsVitamin D exerts a regulatory role over mucosal immunity via the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Although Paneth cells and their products are known to regulate the commensal and pathogenic microbiota, the role that VDRs in Paneth cells play in these responses is unknown.

methodsWe identified the decreased intestinal VDR significantly correlated with reduction of an inflammatory bowel disease risk gene ATG16L1 and Paneth cell lysozymes in patients with Crohn's disease. We generated Paneth cell-specific VDR knockout (VDR

resultsLysozymes in the Paneth cells were significantly decreased in the VDR

conclusionsWe provide new insights into the tissue-specific functions of VDRs in maintaining Paneth cell alertness to pathogens in intestinal disorders. Targeting the VDR affects multiple downstream events within Paneth cells that inhibit intestinal inflammation and establish host defense against enteropathogens.

Indexed as

AnimalsAutophagyAutophagy-Related ProteinsBiopsyColonCrohn DiseaseDextran SulfateDisease Models, AnimalFemaleHumansIleumImmunity, MucosalMaleMiceMice, KnockoutMicrobiotaATG16L1 protein, humanAutophagy-Related ProteinsDextran SulfateMuramidaseReceptors, CalcitriolVDR protein, humanVdr protein, mouseVitamin DAutophagyBacteriaCrohn’s Disease (CD)Defensin

Identifiers

PMID33217447
PMCPMC8808465
OpenAlexW3101831461

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.