SynthesisClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2021
Immunomodulation as Treatment for Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Systematic Review of Current Modalities and Future Directions.
Synthesis in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Efficacy of tocilizumab in the treatment of COVID-19: An umbrella review.Reviews in medical virology · 2022Pooled it
- Comparing the efficacy of tocilizumab with corticosteroid therapy in treating COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Sickness and the Social Brain: Love in the Time of COVID.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- The Changing Paradigm in Infectious Diseases-Host-Directed Medicine: Implications for the Next Generation of ID Physicians.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Review: The Landscape of Antiviral Therapy for COVID-19 in the Era of Widespread Population Immunity and Omicron-Lineage Viruses.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Review
- The Efficacy of Oral/Intravenous Corticosteroid Use in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review.Journal of experimental pharmacology · 2024Review
- Outcomes in patients with sarcoidosis and COVID-19.Sarcoidosis, vasculitis, and diffuse lung diseases : official journal of WASOG · 2023Article
- Modulation of Human Dendritic Cell Functions by Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitors: Potential Relevance for the Treatment of Respiratory Diseases.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Treating asthma in the time of COVID.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2023Article
- Corticosteroids in COVID-19: pros and cons.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Review
- Treatment of COVID-19 with convalescent plasma in patients with humoral immunodeficiency - Three consecutive cases and review of the literature.Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.) · 2022Review
- Host Respiratory Transcriptome Signature Associated with Poor Outcome in Children with Influenza-Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Rates of COVID-19 infection among in vitro fertilization patients undergoing treatment at a university reproductive health center.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2022Article
- Cold atmospheric plasma for addressing the COVID-19 pandemic.Plasma processes and polymers (Print) · 2022Review
- Article
- A prospective longitudinal study evaluating the influence of immunosuppressives and other factors on COVID-19 in autoimmune rheumatic diseases.BMC rheumatology · 2022Article
- Preparing for the next COVID: Deep Reinforcement Learning trained Artificial Intelligence discovery of multi-modal immunomodulatory control of systemic inflammation in the absence of effective anti-microbials.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2022Article
- Preparing for the next pandemic: Simulation-based deep reinforcement learning to discover and test multimodal control of systemic inflammation using repurposed immunomodulatory agents.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Real-Life Effectiveness and Safety of Baricitinib as Adjunctive to Standard-of-Care Treatment in Hospitalized Patients With Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019.Open forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
- A deep learning approach for predicting severity of COVID-19 patients using a parsimonious set of laboratory markers.iScience · 2021Article
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8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, viral load peaks early and declines quickly after symptom onset. Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is marked by aberrant innate and adaptive immune responses with an abnormal cytokine profile and multiorgan system dysfunction that persists well after viral clearance. A purely antiviral treatment strategy may therefore be insufficient, and antiviral agents have not shown a benefit later in the illness course. A number of immunomodulatory strategies are being tested, including corticosteroids, cytokine and anticytokine therapies, small molecule inhibitors, and cellular therapeutics. To date, the only drug to show a mortality benefit for COVID-19 in a randomized, controlled trial is dexamethasone. However, there remains uncertainty about which patients may benefit most and about longer-term complications, including secondary infections. Here, we review the immune dysregulation of severe COVID-19 and the existing data behind various immunomodulatory strategies, and we consider future directions of study.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.