ReviewFunction (Oxford, England)2020
Potential Role of Oral Rinses Targeting the Viral Lipid Envelope in SARS-CoV-2 Infection.
Review in Function (Oxford, England), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 81 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Antiviral Efficacy and Acceptability of Therapeutic Antiseptic Mouth Rinses for Inactivation of COVID SARS-2 Virus
Mouth Rinses Efficacy on Salivary SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Antiviral Efficacy and Acceptability of Therapeutic Antiseptic Mouth Rinses for Inactivation of COVID SARS-2 Virus
Antiviral Efficacy of Oral Rinses for Inactivation of COVID-19 (MOR2)
Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Could mouth rinses be an adjuvant in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 patients? An appraisal with a systematic review.International journal of dental hygiene · 2022Pooled it
- In vitro studies evaluating the efficacy of mouth rinses on Sars-Cov-2: A systematic review.Journal of infection and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Effect of 1% HInternational dental journal · 2024Trial
- Efficacy of three antimicrobial mouthwashes in reducing SARS-CoV-2 viral load in the saliva of hospitalized patients: a randomized controlled pilot study.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Reduction of SARS-CoV-2 salivary viral load with pre-procedural mouth rinses: a randomised, controlled, clinical trial.British dental journal · 2023Trial
- Mouth rinses efficacy on salivary SARS-CoV-2 viral load: A randomized clinical trial.Journal of medical virology · 2023Trial
- Mouthrinses against SARS-CoV-2 - High antiviral effectivity by membrane disruption in vitro translates to mild effects in a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial.Virus research · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Clinical evaluation of antiseptic mouth rinses to reduce salivary load of SARS-CoV-2.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Beneficial effects of a mouthwash containing an antiviral phthalocyanine derivative on the length of hospital stay for COVID-19: randomised trial.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Efficacy of commercial mouth-rinses on SARS-CoV-2 viral load in saliva: randomized control trial in Singapore.Infection · 2021Trial
- Hydrogen peroxide as an auxiliary treatment for COVID-19 in Brazil: a randomized double-blind clinical trial.Epidemiology and health · 2021Trial
- Effectiveness of hydrogen peroxide as auxiliary treatment for hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Brazil: preliminary results of a randomized double-blind clinical trial.Epidemiology and health · 2021Trial
- Cleavage of TOM1 by the SARS-CoV-2 main protease NSP5 prevents autophagic degradation of viral envelope.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Identification and Characterization of an In Silico Designed Membrane-Active Peptide with Antiviral Properties.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Antiseptics as effective virucidal agents against SARS-CoV-2: Systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.The Japanese dental science review · 2025Review
- Comparing In Vitro Virucidal Efficacy of Commercially Available Mouthwashes Against Native High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Types 16 and 18.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- The pharmacokinetics of hexylresorcinol-containing lozenges and their antimicrobial efficacy against oral and respiratory microorganisms.Journal of oral microbiology · 2025Article
- In vitro anti-Helicobacter pylori activity and antivirulence activity of cetylpyridinium chloride.PloS one · 2024Article
- Antiseptics: An expeditious third force in the prevention and management of coronavirus diseases.Current research in microbial sciences · 2024Review
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Emerging studies increasingly demonstrate the importance of the throat and salivary glands as sites of virus replication and transmission in early COVID-19 disease. SARS-CoV-2 is an enveloped virus, characterized by an outer lipid membrane derived from the host cell from which it buds. While it is highly sensitive to agents that disrupt lipid biomembranes, there has been no discussion about the potential role of oral rinsing in preventing transmission. Here, we review known mechanisms of viral lipid membrane disruption by widely available dental mouthwash components that include ethanol, chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium chloride, hydrogen peroxide, and povidone-iodine. We also assess existing formulations for their potential ability to disrupt the SARS-CoV-2 lipid envelope, based on their concentrations of these agents, and conclude that several deserve clinical evaluation. We highlight that already published research on other enveloped viruses, including coronaviruses, directly supports the idea that oral rinsing should be considered as a potential way to reduce transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Research to test this could include evaluating existing or specifically tailored new formulations in well-designed viral inactivation assays, then in clinical trials. Population-based interventions could be undertaken with available mouthwashes, with active monitoring of outcome to determine efficacy. This is an under-researched area of major clinical need.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.