Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33215075›Full record

ArticleJAMIA open2020

Design and development of referrals automation, a SMART on FHIR solution to improve patient access to specialty care.

Anobel Y Odisho, Hansen Lui, Ramakrishna Yerramsetty, Felicisimo Bautista, Nathaniel Gleason, Edwin Martin, Jerry J Young, Michael Blum, Aaron B Neinstein

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in JAMIA open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. The incremental design of a machine learning framework for medical records processing.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Anobel Y OdishoCenter for Digital Health Innovation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0975-0812
Hansen LuiSchool of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Ramakrishna YerramsettyCenter for Digital Health Innovation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Felicisimo BautistaCenter for Digital Health Innovation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Nathaniel GleasonCenter for Digital Health Innovation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Edwin MartinCenter for Digital Health Innovation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Jerry J YoungCenter for Digital Health Innovation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Michael BlumCenter for Digital Health Innovation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Aaron B NeinsteinCenter for Digital Health Innovation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundReferring patients to specialty care is an inefficient and error-prone process. Gaps in the referral process lead to delays in patients' access to care, negative patient experience, worse health outcomes, and increased operational costs. While implementation of standards-based electronic referral options can alleviate some of these inefficiencies, many referrals to tertiary and quaternary care centers continue to be sent via fax.

objectiveWe describe the design process and architecture for a software application that has been developed and deployed to optimize the referrals intake process by automating the processing and digitization of incoming specialty referral faxes, extracting key data elements and integrating them into the electronic health record (EHR), and organizing referrals.

methodsA human-centered design approach was used to identify and describe the inefficiencies in the external referral process at our large, urban tertiary care center. Referrals Automation, an application to convert referral faxes to digital referrals in the EHR, was conceptualized based on key stakeholder interviews and time and motion studies. This application was designed using Substitutable Medical Applications and Reusable Technologies (SMART) and Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resource (FHIR) platforms to allow for adaptability into other healthcare organizations.

resultsReferrals Automation software was developed as a healthcare information technology solution to streamline the fax to referral process. The application was implemented into several specialty clinics. Metrics were built-in to the applications to evaluate and guide the further iteration of these features.

conclusionsReferrals Automation will enhance the referrals process by further streamlining and organizing the patient referral process.

Indexed as

access to careapplication programming interfaceHL7 FHIRreferraluser-centered design

Identifiers

PMID33215075
PMCPMC7660949

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.