ArticleNature communications2020
Enhanced CAR-T activity against established tumors by polarizing human T cells to secrete interleukin-9.
Article in Nature communications, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 110 citations in OpenAlex.
- FOXP1 Knockdown Reprograms Th9 CAR-T Cells to Overcome Antigen Escape.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Extracellular ATP Functions as a Metabolic Lineage Selection Signal That Stabilizes Tc9 Cells During Adoptive T Cell Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Macrophage-intrinsic and IL-9-dependent arginine metabolism promotes lung tumor growth.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Beyond CAR-T and oncology: broadening chimeric antigen receptor technologies across cell types and diseases.Precision clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Common gamma chain cytokines-driven optimization of chimeric antigen receptor T cells: Mechanistic insights and future directions.World journal of clinical oncology · 2026Review
- T cells engineered against Dickkopf-1-A2 complex can be used to treat HLA-A2Nature communications · 2026Article
- Emerging role of RNA modification reader YTHDF2 in hematopoiesis, immunity, and cancer.MedScience · 2026Review
- Novel Combination of Irreversible Electroporation and Allogenic Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy Synergizes Therapeutic Outcomes in a Preclinical Human Pancreatic Cancer Mouse Model.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Photocontrolled trimethoprim PROTACs targeting the eDHFR protein tag.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Limitations of CAR-T-Cell Therapy in Hematologic Malignancies: Focusing on Antigen Escape and T-Cell Dysfunction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Fine tuning towards the next generation of engineered T cells.Nature biomedical engineering · 2025Review
- A little less reading, a little more type 9 action.Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Loss of YTHDF2 enhances Th9 programming and CAR-Th9 cell antitumor efficacy.Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Advancing liver cancer treatment with dual-targeting CAR-T therapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Engineering resilient CAR T cells for immunosuppressive environment.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Review
- GITRL enhances cytotoxicity and persistence of CAR-T cells in cancer therapy.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- Go to the scene: TJournal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Off-the-shelf invariant NKT cells expressing anti-PSCA CAR and IL-15 promote pancreatic cancer regression in mice.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Adoptively transferred tumor-specific IL-9-producing cytotoxic CD8Nature cancer · 2025Article
- Potentiating CAR-T cell function in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by inverting the TGF-β signal.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
CAR-T cell therapy is effective for hematologic malignancies. However, considerable numbers of patients relapse after the treatment, partially due to poor expansion and limited persistence of CAR-T cells in vivo. Here, we demonstrate that human CAR-T cells polarized and expanded under a Th9-culture condition (T9 CAR-T) have an enhanced antitumor activity against established tumors. Compared to IL2-polarized (T1) cells, T9 CAR-T cells secrete IL9 but little IFN-γ, express central memory phenotype and lower levels of exhaustion markers, and display robust proliferative capacity. Consequently, T9 CAR-T cells mediate a greater antitumor activity than T1 CAR-T cells against established hematologic and solid tumors in vivo. After transfer, T9 CAR-T cells migrate effectively to tumors, differentiate to IFN-γ and granzyme-B secreting effector memory T cells but remain as long-lived and hyperproliferative T cells. Our findings are important for the improvement of CAR-T cell-based immunotherapy for human cancers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.