ArticleBMJ global health2020
Solving the problem of access to cardiovascular medicines: revolving fund pharmacy models in rural western Kenya.
Article in BMJ global health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of Dolutegravir-based regimens on patient satisfaction and quality of life among people living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Implementation of medicines pricing policies in sub-Saharan Africa: systematic review.Systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Food insecurity is associated with greater difficulty accessing care among people living with HIV with or without comorbid non-communicable diseases in western Kenya.BMJ global health · 2024Trial
- Human-centered implementation research: a new approach to develop and evaluate implementation strategies for strengthening referral networks for hypertension in western Kenya.BMC health services research · 2021Trial
- Group Medical Visit and Microfinance Intervention for Patients With Diabetes or Hypertension in Kenya.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2021Trial
- Fortifying essential medicines supply chains in Sub-Saharan Africa - the curious cases of Kenya and Uganda.Global health action · 2026Review
- Incidence of hypertension and factors associated with blood pressure control among older adults living with HIV in Western Kenya: a retrospective cohort study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Service availability and readiness for diabetes and hypertension care among health facilities in Lagos State, Nigeria.BMC primary care · 2026Article
- Design and validation of a key performance indicator dashboard for equity in community and retail pharmacy services in Pakistan.PloS one · 2026Article
- Availability of essential medicines for non-communicable diseases: a scoping review of challenges and opportunities.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Design and implementation of a drug revolving fund for hypertension treatment in primary care setting of the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Healthcare providers perspectives on HIV-NCD integration to Meet the needs of older adults living with HIV.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Barriers to accessing care for cardiometabolic disorders in Malawi: partners as a source of resilience for people living with HIV.International journal for equity in health · 2024Article
- Managing diabetes and hypertension in western Kenya: A qualitative study of experiences of patients supported by the primary health integrated care for chronic conditions (PIC4C) model of care.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Community engagement to inform development of strategies to improve referral for hypertension: perspectives of patients, providers and local community members in western Kenya.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Supply-chain factors and antimicrobial stewardship.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2023Article
- Implementation of Medicines Pricing Policies in Ghana: The Interplay of Policy Content, Actors' Participation, and Context.International journal of health policy and management · 2023Article
- Article
- Community-based medication delivery program for antihypertensive medications improves adherence and reduces blood pressure.PloS one · 2022Article
- Sustaining capacity building and evidence-based NCD intervention implementation: Perspectives from the GRIT consortium.Frontiers in health services · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Availability of medicines for treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is low in low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC). Supply chain models to improve the availability of quality CVD medicines in LMIC communities are urgently required. Our team established contextualised revolving fund pharmacies (RFPs) in rural western Kenya, whereby an initial stock of essential medicines was obtained through donations or purchase and then sold at a small mark-up price sufficient to replenish drug stock and ensure sustainability. In response to different contexts and levels of the public health system in Kenya (eg, primary versus tertiary), we developed and implemented three contextualised models of RFPs over the past decade, creating a network of 72 RFPs across western Kenya, that supplied 22 categories of CVD medicines and increased availability of essential CVD medications from <30% to 90% or higher. In one representative year, we were able to successfully supply 5 793 981 units of CVD and diabetes medicines to patients in western Kenya. The estimated programme running cost was US$6.5-25 per patient, serving as a useful benchmark for public governments to invest in medication supply chain systems in LMICs going forward. One important lesson that we have learnt from implementing three different RFP models over the past 10 years has been that each model has its own advantages and disadvantages, and we must continue to stay nimble and modify as needed to determine the optimal supply chain model while ensuring consistent access to essential CVD medications for patients living in these settings.
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