Trial reportMicrobiome2020
Characterization of TMAO productivity from carnitine challenge facilitates personalized nutrition and microbiome signatures discovery.
Trial report in Microbiome, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring alternative approaches to precision medicine through genomics and artificial intelligence - a systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of a polyphenol-rich pomegranate extract on plasma trimethylamine N-oxide levels following an oral carnitine challenge: a randomized controlled crossover trial in healthy adults.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Trial
- Effect of Varying Quantities of Lean Beef as Part of a Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern on Gut Microbiota and Plasma, Fecal, and Urinary Metabolites: A Randomized Crossover Controlled Feeding Trial.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Trial
- Associations Between the Gut Microbiota and Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Physical Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.Journal of aging research · 2026Article
- Metabolic Phenotypes, Genotypes, and Gut Microbiome Signatures in Obesity: Implications for Precision Nutrition Strategies in Type 2 Diabetes Prevention.Nutrition reviews · 2026Review
- Dietary Fatty Acids Modulate Gut Microbiota-Derived Trimethylamine-N-Oxide: Potential Mechanisms and Future Perspective.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Gut microbes with theGut microbes · 2025Article
- The gut microbiome connects nutrition and human health.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025Review
- Article
- The role of gut microbiota imbalance in preeclampsia pathogenesis: insights into FMO3-mediated inflammatory mechanisms.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Microbial metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide induces intestinal carcinogenesis through inhibiting farnesoid X receptor signaling.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2024Article
- Article
- Trimethylamine oxide supplementation differentially regulates fat deposition in liver, longissimus dorsi muscle and adipose tissue of growing-finishing pigs.Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2024Article
- Microbiome-based enrichment pattern mining has enabled a deeper understanding of the biome-species-function relationship.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Modulation of gut microbiota by foods and herbs to prevent cardiovascular diseases.Journal of traditional and complementary medicine · 2023Review
- Anti-Hyperuricemic Effect of Anserine Based on the Gut-Kidney Axis: Integrated Analysis of Metagenomics and Metabolomics.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Machine Learning in Nutrition Research.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Article
- Effect of Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolites on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: Enemy or Friend?Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- The Influence of Animal- or Plant-Based Diets on Blood and Urine Trimethylamine-N-Oxide (TMAO) Levels in Humans.Current nutrition reports · 2022Review
- Atherosclerosis amelioration by allicin in raw garlic through gut microbiota and trimethylamine-N-oxide modulation.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
22 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The capability of gut microbiota in degrading foods and drugs administered orally can result in diversified efficacies and toxicity interpersonally and cause significant impact on human health. Production of atherogenic trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) from carnitine is a gut microbiota-directed pathway and varies widely among individuals. Here, we demonstrated a personalized TMAO formation and carnitine bioavailability from carnitine supplements by differentiating individual TMAO productivities with a recently developed oral carnitine challenge test (OCCT). By exploring gut microbiome in subjects characterized by TMAO producer phenotypes, we identified 39 operational taxonomy units that were highly correlated to TMAO productivity, including Emergencia timonensis, which has been recently discovered to convert γ-butyrobetaine to TMA in vitro. A microbiome-based random forest classifier was therefore constructed to predict the TMAO producer phenotype (AUROC = 0.81) which was then validated with an external cohort (AUROC = 0.80). A novel bacterium called Ihubacter massiliensis was also discovered to be a key microbe for TMA/TMAO production by using an OCCT-based humanized gnotobiotic mice model. Simply combining the presence of E. timonensis and I. massiliensis could account for 43% of high TMAO producers with 97% specificity. Collectively, this human gut microbiota phenotype-directed approach offers potential for developing precision medicine and provides insights into translational research. Video Abstract.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.