SynthesisThe Lancet. Global health2021
Estimates of the global burden of cervical cancer associated with HIV.
Synthesis in The Lancet. Global health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT07678047 (Leveraging Project ECHO for Improved Cervical Cancer Screening in Ethiopia), which is not on this map. Cited by 516 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Leveraging Project ECHO for Improved Cervical Cancer Screening in Ethiopia: An Implementation Study of Integrated HPV Selfsampling in HIV Care Centers
Who cites it
516 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- PET-CT radiomics and artificial intelligence for predicting lymph node metastasis in cervical cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Pooled it
- Risk of cervical cancer and high-grade lesions in vulnerable women a systematic review and meta-analysis.Nature communications · 2026Pooled it
- Global research trends and hotspots in human immunodeficiency virus-associated cervical cancer (1990-2025): a multi-database bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Facilitators and barriers to cervical cancer screening among women living with HIV: a systematic review of qualitative studies.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Estimates of the global burden of HIV-attributable and all-cause AIDS-defining cancers: a population-based modeling study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Global, Regional and National Estimates of Hip Fracture Burden Associated with Type 2 Diabetes in Adults Aged Over 40 from 1990 to 2021 and Projections to 2046.Calcified tissue international · 2025Pooled it
- Oropharyngeal cancer risk groups in the United States: a meta-analysis and SEER analysis.BMC cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Interventions and Strategies to Increase Cervical Cancer Screening, Treatment, and Retention in Care among Persons with HIV in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review.AIDS and behavior · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Knowledge, perceptions, uptake, and determinants of HPV vaccination, and preferred delivery strategies among out-of-school girls in Masaka, Uganda.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Human papillomavirus detection in liquid-based cytology and cervical histology samples among women living with human immunodeficiency virus in Zambia.IJID regions · 2026Article
- Turnaround Time Trends in Cervical Cytology Screening in South Africa, 2005-2023.Diagnostic cytopathology · 2026Article
- Interfractional variability and reproducibility of accumulated dose in cervical cancer radiotherapy associated with bladder volume.Radiological physics and technology · 2026Article
- Adjuvant HPV Vaccination and Survival in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Exploratory Analysis of a Real-World Database.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2026Article
- Availability of Cancer Screening Across HIV Treatment Sites in the IeDEA Consortium.International journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Integrated Immune Escape in Cervical Cancer: HLA-I Dysfunction and Immune Checkpoint Signaling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Association Between Female Genital Schistosomiasis and High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Among Women of Reproductive Age in Zambia: The Schista Study.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Cell Type-Specific Ferroptosis Regulatory Networks in the Bone Microenvironment: Implications for the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Osteoporosis.Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark) · 2026Review
- Integrating Cervical Cancer Prevention into HIV Services in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Narrative Review Addressing the Dual Burden Among Women.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Review
- 1,2-Benzothiazine Derivatives as Anti-HIV and Anti-HCV Agents: Structure-Activity Relationships and Research Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
456 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHIV enhances human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced carcinogenesis. However, the contribution of HIV to cervical cancer burden at a population level has not been quantified. We aimed to investigate cervical cancer risk among women living with HIV and to estimate the global cervical cancer burden associated with HIV.
methodsWe did a systematic literature search and meta-analysis of five databases (PubMed, Embase, Global Health [CABI.org], Web of Science, and Global Index Medicus) to identify studies analysing the association between HIV infection and cervical cancer. We estimated the pooled risk of cervical cancer among women living with HIV across four continents (Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America). The risk ratio (RR) was combined with country-specific UNAIDS estimates of HIV prevalence and GLOBOCAN 2018 estimates of cervical cancer to calculate the proportion of women living with HIV among women with cervical cancer and population attributable fractions and age-standardised incidence rates (ASIRs) of HIV-attributable cervical cancer.
findings24 studies met our inclusion criteria, which included 236 127 women living with HIV. The pooled risk of cervical cancer was increased in women living with HIV (RR 6·07, 95% CI 4·40-8·37). Globally, 5·8% (95% CI 4·6-7·3) of new cervical cancer cases in 2018 (33 000 new cases, 95% CI 26 000-42 000) were diagnosed in women living with HIV and 4·9% (95% CI 3·6-6·4) were attributable to HIV infection (28 000 new cases, 20 000-36 000). The most affected regions were southern Africa and eastern Africa. In southern Africa, 63·8% (95% CI 58·9-68·1) of women with cervical cancer (9200 new cases, 95% CI 8500-9800) were living with HIV, as were 27·4% (23·7-31·7) of women in eastern Africa (14 000 new cases, 12 000-17 000). ASIRs of HIV-attributable cervical cancer were more than 20 per 100 000 in six countries, all in southern Africa and eastern Africa.
interpretationWomen living with HIV have a significantly increased risk of cervical cancer. HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening for women living with HIV are especially important for countries in southern Africa and eastern Africa, where a substantial HIV-attributable cervical cancer burden has added to the existing cervical cancer burden.
fundingWHO, US Agency for International Development, and US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.