SynthesisSports health
Energy Drinks and Their Adverse Health Effects: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Sports health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Risky behaviors, substance use, and other lifestyle correlates of energy drink consumption in children and adolescents: a systematic review.European journal of pediatrics · 2022Pooled it
- Psychological and socio-educational correlates of energy drink consumption in children and adolescents: a systematic review.European journal of pediatrics · 2022Pooled it
- Beverage Co-Consumption Profiles, Sleep, and Fatigue in Professional Army Personnel.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Review
- Energy Drinks and Arrhythmias in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Narrative Review of the Last Decade.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Energy drink use and its health implications among medical students in Aden, Yemen: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Energy drinks consumption and biochemical changes in liver and kidney function: A comparative cross-sectional study among university students.Journal of public health research · 2026Article
- Sports injuries among male futsal players in Herat, Afghanistan: a cross-sectional study.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Association Between Consumption of Energy and Sports Drinks with Oral Health: A Systematic Review.Dentistry journal · 2026Review
- Acid-Induced Surface Degradation of Metallic Biomaterials: Alloy-Dependent Behavior and Implications for Surface Functionality.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Article
- Renal Effects of Energy Drink Consumption: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preclinical Studies.Toxics · 2026Review
- Energy Drink Consumption Among Adolescents in Northern Spain: Habits, Risk Perception and Associated Factors.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Coffee and Caffeine in Depression: Symptom-Level Modulation and Challenges in Nutripsychiatric Interpretation.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Prevalence and factors associated with energy drink consumption among Boitekanelo College students, Botswana: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Energy drink consumption, sleep behavior, and food choices of Icelandic adolescents.Food & nutrition research · 2026Article
- Chronic consumption of energy drinks and the risk of developing metabolic syndrome in rats.PeerJ · 2026Article
- Surface roughness of contemporary resin composites after exposure to energy drinks.Biomaterial investigations in dentistry · 2026Article
- A Cluster of Risks: Correlates of Energy Drink Consumption with Smoking, Diet, and Burnout in the Polish Adult Population.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Energy Drink Knowledge, Consumption, and Regulation Support Among Polish Medical and Non-Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Factors Influencing Eating Habits of Video Gamers and Professional eSports Gamers in Peru.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextEnergy drinks are the fastest growing product in the beverage industry. However, there is concern regarding potential for adverse effects with use.
objectiveTo evaluate the reported adverse effects of energy drink consumption. DATA SOURCES: The electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed were searched for relevant studies from inception to November 2019, and pertinent data were abstracted. STUDY SELECTION: Only clinical studies reporting adverse events after energy drink consumption were included. STUDY
designSystematic review. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 4. DATA EXTRACTION: Data regarding sample size characteristics, energy drink characteristics, comparators, and all adverse events were extracted in duplicate and recorded.
resultsA total of 32 studies and 96,549 individuals were included. Frequently reported adverse events in the pediatric population were insomnia (35.4%), stress (35.4%), and depressive mood (23.1%). Frequently reported adverse events in the adult population were insomnia (24.7%), jitteriness/restlessness/shaking hands (29.8%), and gastrointestinal upset (21.6%). Alcohol mixed with energy drinks significantly reduced the likelihood of sedation effects but increased the likelihood of stimulatory effects. Energy drink consumption significantly increased the odds of insomnia (OR, 5.02; 95% CI, 1.72-14.63) and jitteriness/activeness (OR, 3.52; 95% CI, 1.28-9.67) compared with the control group.
conclusionThe authors recommend that individuals avoid frequent energy drink consumption (5-7 energy drinks/week) and avoid co-consumption with alcohol; increased regulatory standards should be placed in the sale of energy drinks, particularly with regard to the pediatric population.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.