ReviewMycoses2021
Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in the COVID-19 era: An expected new entity.
Review in Mycoses, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 122 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
122 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 204 citations in OpenAlex.
- Incidence and mortality of COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Mycoses · 2021Pooled it
- Incidence, diagnosis and outcomes of COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA): a systematic review.The Journal of hospital infection · 2021Pooled it
- Clinical Features and Predictive Risk Factors for Prognosis in Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis and Pulmonary Mucormycosis.The clinical respiratory journal · 2026Article
- Detection ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Clinical characteristics and etiological analysis of deep fungal infections in a general hospital in Southwest China (2020-2024).Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Review
- Use of isavuconazole in critically ill patients in intensive care units: a prospective, observational, multicentre, cohort study.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2025Article
- Diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis using metagenomic next-generation sequencing and conventional microbial tests post-COVID-19 pandemic.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Review
- Static and Dynamic Assessments of a Sulfur-Triglyceride Composite for Antimicrobial Surface Applications.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Immunocompromise and early-onset invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in viral pneumonia: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- The Value of the Galactomannan Test in Diagnosing COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis: A Review.Iranian journal of pathology · 2025Review
- Review
- Investigation of risk factors for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis among patients with COVID-19.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Consensus for antifungal stewardship in China (2024 edition).Journal of thoracic disease · 2024Review
- The characteristics of microbiome in the upper respiratory tract of COVID-19 patients.BMC microbiology · 2024Article
- Wedge Resection and Optimal Solutions for Invasive Pulmonary Fungal Infection and Long COVID Syndrome-A Case Report and Brief Literature Review.Reports (MDPI) · 2024Article
- Epidemiology, clinical features and outcomes of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 by vaccination status: a multicenter historical cohort study.Virology journal · 2024Article
- Role of theJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Nanotechnology-based fungal detection and treatment: current status and future perspective.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2024Review
62 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesInformation on the recently COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) entity is scarce. We describe eight CAPA patients, compare them to colonised ICU patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and review the published literature from Western countries.
methodsProspective study (March to May, 2020) that included all COVID-19 patients admitted to a tertiary hospital. Modified AspICU and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MSG) criteria were used.
resultsCOVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis was diagnosed in eight patients (3.3% of 239 ICU patients), mostly affected non-immunocompromised patients (75%) with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) receiving corticosteroids. Diagnosis was established after a median of 15 days under mechanical ventilation. Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed in two patients with positive Aspergillus fumigatus cultures and galactomannan (GM) index. Serum GM was positive in 4/8 (50%). Thoracic CT scan findings fulfilled EORTC/MSG criteria in one case. Isavuconazole was used in 4/8 cases. CAPA-related mortality was 100% (8/8). Compared with colonised patients, CAPA subjects were administered tocilizumab more often (100% vs. 40%, p = .04), underwent longer courses of antibacterial therapy (13 vs. 5 days, p = .008), and had a higher all-cause mortality (100% vs. 40%, p = .04). We reviewed 96 similar cases from recent publications: 59 probable CAPA (also putative according modified AspICU), 56 putative cases and 13 colonisations according AspICU algorithm; according EORTC/MSG six proven and two probable. Overall, mortality in the reviewed series was 56.3%.
conclusionsCOVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis must be considered a serious and potentially life-threatening complication in patients with severe COVID-19 receiving immunosuppressive treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.