Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33210418›Full record

ArticleInfancy : the official journal of the International Society on Infant Studies2021

Cognitive function in toddlers with congenital heart disease: The impact of a stimulating home environment.

Alexandra F Bonthrone, Andrew Chew, Christopher J Kelly, Leeza Almedom, John Simpson, Suresh Victor, A David Edwards, Mary A Rutherford, Chiara Nosarti, Serena J Counsell

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infancy : the official journal of the International Society on Infant Studies, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.

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  7. Cognitive disengagement syndrome and peer relationships of youth with critical congenital heart defects.Child neuropsychology : a journal on normal and abnormal development in childhood and adolescence · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Alexandra F BonthroneCentre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-5487-5564
Andrew ChewCentre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-4344-2015
Christopher J KellyCentre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1246-844X
Leeza AlmedomCentre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
John SimpsonPaediatric Cardiology Department, Evelina London Children's Healthcare, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9773-7441
Suresh VictorCentre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5314-7626
A David EdwardsCentre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-4801-7066
Mary A RutherfordCentre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-3361-1337
Chiara NosartiCentre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-6305-9710
Serena J CounsellCentre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-8033-5673
King's College London · GBEvelina London Children's Healthcare · GB

Funding

British Heart Foundation FS/15/55/31649Department of HealthMedical Research Council MR/K006355/1Medical Research Council MR/L011530/1Medical Research Council MR/N026063/1Wellcome Trust WT 203148/Z/16/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Infants born with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at increased risk of neurodevelopmental difficulties in childhood. The extent to which perioperative factors, cardiac physiology, brain injury severity, socioeconomic status, and home environment influence early neurodevelopment is not clear. Sixty-nine newborns with CHD were recruited from St Thomas' Hospital. Infants underwent presurgical magnetic resonance imaging on a 3-Tesla scanner situated on the neonatal unit. At 22 months, children completed the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-3rd edition and parents completed the cognitively stimulating parenting scale to assess cognitive stimulation at home. Level of maternal education and total annual household income were also collected. Hospital records were reviewed to calculate days on the intensive care unit post-surgery, time on bypass during surgery, and days to corrective or definitive palliative surgical intervention. In the final analysis of 56 infants, higher scores on the cognitively stimulating parenting scale were associated with higher cognitive scores at age 22 months, correcting for gestational age at birth, sex, and maternal education. There were no relationships between outcome scores and clinical factors; socioeconomic status; or brain injury severity. Supporting parents to provide a stimulating home environment for children may promote cognitive development in this high-risk population.

Indexed as

ParentingSocial EnvironmentChild DevelopmentCognitionFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHeart Defects, CongenitalHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMagnetic Resonance ImagingMalecognitive developmentcongenital heart diseasestimulating parenting

Identifiers

PMID33210418
PMCPMC7894304
OpenAlexW3099266779

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.