ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2020
Epidemiology and Risk Factors Associated With Mortality in Consecutive Patients With Bacterial Bloodstream Infection: Impact of MDR and XDR Bacteria.
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam (IMI/CS/REL): a meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Ceftolozane/tazobactam for the treatment of bacteremia: a systematic literature review (SLR).Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2022Pooled it
- Real-World Applications of Imipenem-Cilastatin-Relebactam: Insights From a Multicenter Observational Cohort Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- The burden of antimicrobial resistance in Iraq: an analysis from 2021.IJID regions · 2026Article
- A Scenario-Based Survey of Clinician Recommendations for Follow-Up Blood Cultures in Patients With Varying Risk of Persistent Gram-Negative Bacteremia.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Cefepime and New Cefepime/Beta-Lactamase Inhibitor Combination for the Treatment of Gram-Negative Bacteria: Chemical Structure and Mechanism of Action, Microbiological Target, Clinical Use and PK/PD Characteristics.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Understanding Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections in Thailand: An Analysis of Trends and Challenges.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2026Review
- Article
- Thirty-Day Mortality Associated With Carbapenemase-ProducingOpen forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance at a Greek Tertiary Hospital over a 7-Year Period, Including the COVID-19 Pandemic.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Antibiotic resistance profiles in Gram-negative bacteria causing bloodstream and urinary tract infections in paediatric and adult patients in Ndola District, Zambia, 2020-2021.Infection prevention in practice · 2025Article
- Probiotic-Based Cleaning Solutions: From Research Hypothesis to Infection Control Applications.Biology · 2025Review
- Bloodstream infections: trends in etiology and antimicrobial resistance in 10 years in Eastern Nepal.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Developing a Personalized Approach to Follow-Up Blood Cultures in Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infections: A Narrative Review.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Healthcare resource utilization and costs associated with inadequate initial antibiotic treatment of bacteraemia produced by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CRGNB): a descriptive, observational study in Spanish hospitals.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2025Observational
- Evaluation of Adjunctive Aminoglycoside Therapy Compared to β-Lactam Monotherapy in Critically Ill Patients with Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infections.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Exploring the impact of comorbidities and drug resistance on mortality in ICU-acquired bloodstream infections.AMB Express · 2025Article
- The Multifaceted Landscape of Healthcare-Associated Infections Caused by Carbapenem-ResistantMicroorganisms · 2025Review
- Article
- Evaluation of EUCAST Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing for Gram-Negative Bacteria Directly from Positive Blood Cultures.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMortality related to bloodstream infections (BSIs) is high. The epidemiology of BSIs is changing due to the increase in multidrug resistance, and it is unclear whether the presence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms, per se, is an independent risk factor for mortality. Our objectives were, first, to describe the epidemiology and outcome of BSIs and, second, to determine the risk factors associated with mortality among patients with BSI.
methodsThis research used a single-center retrospective observational study design. Patients were identified through microbiological reports. Data on medical history, clinical condition, bacteria, antimicrobial therapy, and mortality were collected. The primary outcome was crude mortality at 30 days. The relationships between mortality and demographic, clinical, and microbiological variables were analyzed by multivariate analysis.
resultsA total of 1049 inpatients were included. MDR bacteria were isolated in 27.83% of patients, where 2.14% corresponded to an extremely drug-resistant (XDR) isolate. The crude mortality rates at days 7, 30, and 90 were 12.11%, 25.17%, and 36.13%, respectively. Pitt score >2, lung and abdomen as site of infection, and XDR
conclusionsBSI is an event with an extreme impact on mortality. Patients with severe clinical condition are at higher risk of death. The presence of XDR gram-negative bacteria in blood is strongly and independently associated with patient death.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.